Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23223018›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2013

Copy number variation analysis implicates the cell polarity gene glypican 5 as a human spina bifida candidate gene.

Alexander G Bassuk, Lakshmi B Muthuswamy, Riley Boland, Tiffany L Smith, Alissa M Hulstrand, Hope Northrup, Matthew Hakeman, Jason M Dierdorff, Christina K Yung, Abby Long and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Placental Protein Release and Uptake From the Fetal Circulation in Healthy Term Pregnancies-A Human In Vivo Exploratory Study.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
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  11. Prenatal microarray analysis in right aortic arch-a retrospective cohort study and review of the literature.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2018
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Identification ofGenetics · 2018
    Article
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  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Alexander G BassukDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Lakshmi B Muthuswamy
Riley Boland
Tiffany L Smith
Alissa M Hulstrand
Hope Northrup
Matthew Hakeman
Jason M Dierdorff
Christina K Yung
Abby Long
Rachel B Brouillette
Kit Sing Au
Christina Gurnett
Douglas W Houston
Robert A Cornell
J Robert Manak

Funding

Genomic identification of copy number variants to identify clefting lociR01DE021071 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI MANAK, JOHN ROBERT · 2010 to 2014
$3.5M
Localized mRNAs in vertebrate axis formationR01GM083999 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI HOUSTON, DOUGLAS W · 2008 to 2016
$2.6M
NIDCR NIH HHS 1R01DE021071-01NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE021071NIGMS NIH HHS GM083999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common birth defects of complex etiology. Family and population-based studies have confirmed a genetic component to NTDs. However, despite more than three decades of research, the genes involved in human NTDs remain largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that rare copy number variants (CNVs), especially de novo germline CNVs, are a significant risk factor for NTDs. We used array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) to identify rare CNVs in 128 Caucasian and 61 Hispanic patients with non-syndromic lumbar-sacral myelomeningocele. We also performed aCGH analysis on the parents of affected individuals with rare CNVs where parental DNA was available (42 sets). Among the eight de novo CNVs that we identified, three generated copy number changes of entire genes. One large heterozygous deletion removed 27 genes, including PAX3, a known spina bifida-associated gene. A second CNV altered genes (PGPD8, ZC3H6) for which little is known regarding function or expression. A third heterozygous deletion removed GPC5 and part of GPC6, genes encoding glypicans. Glypicans are proteoglycans that modulate the activity of morphogens such as Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), both of which have been implicated in NTDs. Additionally, glypicans function in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, and several PCP genes have been associated with NTDs. Here, we show that GPC5 orthologs are expressed in the neural tube, and that inhibiting their expression in frog and fish embryos results in NTDs. These results implicate GPC5 as a gene required for normal neural tube development.

Indexed as

Cell PolarityDNA Copy Number VariationsAnimalsCohort StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGlypicansHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleNeural TubeSpinal DysraphismWhite PeopleZebrafishGlypicans

Identifiers

PMID23223018
PMCPMC3578410

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.