ReviewRespiratory medicine2013
Chronic bronchial infection in COPD. Is there an infective phenotype?
Review in Respiratory medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coexistence of COPD or asthma in patients with bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Head-to-head oral prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Long-Term Risk of Mortality Associated with Isolation ofInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePooled it
- Systemic inflammation and the effects of short-term antibiotic treatment for PPM positive patients with stable COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2019Trial
- Clinical Implications ofChronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Tolerance and effectiveness of inhaled antibiotics at standard or low doses in COPD patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchial infection.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Is There a Role for Immunostimulant Bacterial Lysates in the Management of Respiratory Tract Infection?Biomolecules · 2024Review
- A Systematic Review of the Pulmonary Microbiome in Patients with Acute Exacerbation COPD Requiring ICU Admission.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Microbiological Monitoring in Therapeutic Trials in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Isolation ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Factors Associated With the Development of Bacterial Pneumonia Related to Seasonal Influenza Virus Infection: A Study Using a Large-scale Health Insurance Claim Database.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Risk of AcquiringJournal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Asthma, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the Bermuda Triangle of the airways.Chinese medical journal · 2022Article
- The Impact of Chronic Bronchial Infection in COPD: A Proposal for Management.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Review
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Impact of Pulmonary Bacterial Colonisation in Stable State Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Considerations for and Mechanisms of Adjunct Therapy in COPD.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Low Vitamin D Status Is Associated with Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Extended Bacteria Culture-Based Clustering Identifies a Phenotype Associating Increased Cough andFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Step-Up and Step-Down Treatment Approaches for COPD: A Holistic View of Progressive Therapies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microorganisms, particularly bacteria, are frequently found in the lower airways of COPD patients, both in stable state and during exacerbations. The host-pathogen relationship in COPD is a complex, dynamic process characterised by frequent changes in pathogens, their strains and loads, and subsequent host immune responses. Exacerbations are detrimental events in the course of COPD and evidence suggests that 70% may be caused by microorganisms. When considering bacterial exacerbations, recent findings based on molecular typing have demonstrated that the acquisition of new strains of bacteria or antigenic changes in pre-existing strains are the most important triggers for exacerbation onset. Even in clinically stable COPD patients the presence of microorganisms in their lower airways may cause harmful effects and induce chronic low-grade airway inflammation leading to increased exacerbation frequency, an accelerated decline in lung function and impaired health-related quality of life. Besides intraluminal localisation in the distal airways, bacteria can be found in the bronchial walls and parenchymal lung tissue of COPD patients. Therefore, the isolation of pathogenic bacteria in stable COPD should be considered as a form of chronic infection rather than colonisation. This new approach may have important implications for the management of patients with COPD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.