ArticleBMC cancer2012
The role of MMP-1 in breast cancer growth and metastasis to the brain in a xenograft model.
Article in BMC cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Photodynamic Therapy Targeting Matrix Metalloproteases in Cancer: Standpoint for an Innovative Anticancer Strategy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The cyclic peptide mallotumide A inhibits colon and breast cancer cell growth and motility by targeting cellular respiration and lipogenesis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Aging-Related Mechanisms Underlying Carcinogenesis: Therapeutic Opportunities.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- SPANXB1 drives brain metastasis in breast cancer via MMP1 regulation: potential therapeutic insights with metformin.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- The lncRNA DANCR promotes breast cancer brain metastasis by acting as a ceRNA for miR-758-3p to regulate PTGS2 expression.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Matrix Metalloproteinases in Glioma: Drivers of Invasion and Therapeutic Targets.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Review
- Matrix metalloproteinase-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition: implications in health and disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
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- Current preclinical models of brain metastasis.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2024Review
- Induction of Invasive Basal Phenotype in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers by Long Noncoding RNA BORG.Cancers · 2024Article
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- The role of the ALKBH5 RNA demethylase in invasive breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- MMPs-related risk model identification and SAA1 promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma migration via ERK-AP1-MMPs axis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Programming temporal stiffness cues within extracellular matrix hydrogels for modelling cancer niches.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Inhibition of autophagy antagonizes breast cancer brain metastogenesis and augments the anticancer activity of lapatinib.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Targeting extracellular matrix stiffness for cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastasis is an increasingly common complication for breast cancer patients; approximately 15- 30% of breast cancer patients develop brain metastasis. However, relatively little is known about how these metastases form, and what phenotypes are characteristic of cells with brain metastasizing potential. In this study, we show that the targeted knockdown of MMP-1 in breast cancer cells with enhanced brain metastatic ability not only reduced primary tumor growth, but also significantly inhibited brain metastasis.
methodsTwo variants of the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line selected for enhanced ability to form brain metastases in nude mice (231-BR and 231-BR3 cells) were found to express high levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). Short hairpin RNA-mediated stable knockdown of MMP-1 in 231-BR and 231-BR3 cells were established to analyze tumorigenic ability and metastatic ability.
resultsShort hairpin RNA-mediated stable knockdown of MMP-1 inhibited the invasive ability of MDA-MB 231 variant cells in vitro, and inhibited breast cancer growth when the cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of nude mice. Reduction of MMP-1 expression significantly attenuated brain metastasis and lung metastasis formation following injection of cells into the left ventricle of the heart and tail vein, respectively. There were significantly fewer proliferating cells in brain metastases of cells with reduced MMP-1 expression. Furthermore, reduced MMP-1 expression was associated with decreased TGFα release and phospho-EGFR expression in 231-BR and BR3 cells.
conclusionsOur results show that elevated expression of MMP-1 can promote the local growth and the formation of brain metastases by breast cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.