ReviewCritical reviews in immunology2012
Role of IL-21 and IL-21 receptor on B cells in HIV infection.
Review in Critical reviews in immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhanced attenuation of chikungunya vaccines expressing antiviral cytokines.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- IL-21 enhances influenza vaccine responses in aged macaques with suppressed SIV infection.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Vaccine responses in ageing and chronic viral infection.Oxford open immunology · 2021Review
- A Molecular Perspective on the Potential Benefits of Metformin for the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- CD8+CXCR5+T cells infiltrating hepatocellular carcinomas are activated and predictive of a better prognosis.Aging · 2019Article
- [A recombinant adenovirus vector carrying murine interleukin-21 gene controls chronic HBV infection in mice].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2017Article
- The Biological Effects of IL-21 Signaling on B-Cell-Mediated Responses in Organ Transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Cytokine-Induced Modulation of Colorectal Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2016Review
- Abnormal CD4 + T helper (Th) 1 cells and activated memory B cells are associated with type III asymptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia in HCV infection.Virology journal · 2015Article
- HIV infection Worsens Age-Associated Defects in Antibody Responses to Influenza Vaccine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Impaired function of CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells associated with hepatocellular carcinoma progression.PloS one · 2015Article
- Elevated serum IL-21 levels in hantavirus-infected patients correlate with the severity of the disease.Inflammation · 2014Article
- Early lymphoid responses and germinal center formation correlate with lower viral load set points and better prognosis of simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Serum IL-21 levels associated with chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis B-related liver failure.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2014Article
- In vivo administration of a JAK3 inhibitor during acute SIV infection leads to significant increases in viral load during chronic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Interleukin-21 and T follicular helper cells in HIV infection: research focus and future perspectives.Immunologic research · 2013Review
- Altering cell death pathways as an approach to cure HIV infection.Cell death & disease · 2013Review
- Loss and dysregulation of Th17 cells during HIV infection.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-21 is a member of a family of cytokines that includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15, all of which utilize a common γ chain in their individual receptor complexes for delivering intracellular signals in their target cells. IL-21 is produced by CD4+ T-cells, in particular follicular T-helper cells, and is critically important in the regulation and maintenance of T cells and B cells in innate and adaptive immunity. The effects of IL-21 are pleiotropic because of the broad cellular distribution of the IL-21 receptor, and it plays a critical role in T cell-dependent and -independent human B cell differentiation for generating humoral immune responses. This article reviews the current knowledge about the importance of IL-21 and IL-21 receptor interaction in human B cell responses, immune defects of B cells and IL-21 in HIV infection, and the potential applicability of IL-21 in vaccines/immunotherapeutic approaches to augment relevant immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.