ArticleJournal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)2013
Intratumoral delivery of low doses of anti-CD40 mAb combined with monophosphoryl lipid a induces local and systemic antitumor effects in immunocompetent and T cell-deficient mice.
Article in Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03792724 (Phase I-II Study of Intratumoral Urelumab Combined With Nivolumab in Patients With Solid Tumors), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I-II Study of Intratumoral Urelumab Combined With Nivolumab in Patients With Solid Tumors
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL10R Inhibition Induces Neutrophil Tumoricidal Activity.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Bilosomal Co-Encapsulated Tamoxifen and Propranolol for Potentiated Anti-Breast Cancer Efficacy: In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Phase I Trial to Evaluate the Safety of Intralesional Nivolumab Therapy for Limited Cutaneous Kaposi Sarcoma.JCO oncology advances · 2025Article
- Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), NOD-Like Receptors (NLRs), and RIG-I-Like Receptors (RLRs) in Innate Immunity. TLRs, NLRs, and RLRs Ligands as Immunotherapeutic Agents for Hematopoietic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Intratumoural administration and tumour tissue targeting of cancer immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2021Review
- Modulation of the immune microenvironment of high-risk ductal carcinoma in situ by intralesional pembrolizumab injection.NPJ breast cancer · 2021Article
- Gemcitabine and doxorubicin in immunostimulatory monophosphoryl lipid A liposomes for treating breast cancer.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2021Article
- Modulating the Tumour Microenvironment by Intratumoural Injection of Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists.Cancers · 2020Review
- Advances in engineering local drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2020Review
- Triple Immunotherapy Overcomes Immune Evasion by Tumor in a Melanoma Mouse Model.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Combined innate and adaptive immunotherapy overcomes resistance of immunologically cold syngeneic murine neuroblastoma to checkpoint inhibition.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2019Article
- Modeling multi-needle injection into solid tumor.American journal of cancer research · 2019Article
- Effective Combination of Innate and Adaptive Immunotherapeutic Approaches in a Mouse Melanoma Model.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Promising Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy: TLRs, RLRs, and STING-Mediated Innate Immune Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- AIM2 Co-immunization with VP1 Is Associated with Increased Memory CD8 T Cells and Mounts Long Lasting Protection against Coxsackievirus B3 Challenge.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
- Local convection-enhanced delivery of an anti-CD40 agonistic monoclonal antibody induces antitumor effects in mouse glioma models.Neuro-oncology · 2016Article
- Synergy of anti-CD40, CpG and MPL in activation of mouse macrophages.Molecular immunology · 2015Article
- Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy Via Activation of Innate Immunity.Seminars in oncology · 2015Review
- Trial Watch: Toll-like receptor agonists for cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, an agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody was combined with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a nontoxic derivative of lipopolysaccharide and agonist of toll-like receptor-4, to assess the immunomodulatory and antitumor synergy between the 2 agents in mice. Anti-CD40 was capable of priming macrophages to subsequent ex vivo activation by MPL in immunocompetent and T-cell-depleted mice. Intraperitoneal injections of anti-CD40+MPL induced additive to synergistic suppression of poorly immunogenic B16-F10 melanoma growing subcutaneously in syngeneic mice. When anti-CD40+MPL were injected directly into the subcutaneous tumor, the combination treatment was more effective, even with a 25-fold reduction in dose. Low-dose intratumoral treatment also slowed the growth of a secondary tumor growing simultaneously at a distant, untreated site. Antitumor effects were also induced in severe combined immunodeficiency mice and in T-cell-depleted C57BL/6 mice. Taken together, our results show that the antitumor effects of anti-CD40 are enhanced by subsequent treatment with MPL, even in T-cell-deficient hosts. These preclinical data suggest that an anti-CD40+MPL combined regimen is appropriate for clinical testing in human patients, including cancer patients who may be immunosuppressed from prior chemotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.