ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2014
Pharmacological maintenance treatments of opiate addiction.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Men's and women's response to treatment and perceptions of outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of injectable opioid assisted treatment for severe opioid use disorder.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2017Trial
- Medication transitions and predictors of illicit substance use during opioid agonist treatment: a three-year follow-up study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Observational
- Impaired olfactory function in substance use disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Review
- IMPAIRED OLFACTORY FUNCTION IN SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Methadone in the madness: a case series and review of methadone management in hospital settings.Pain management · 2025Review
- Community-Driven Research with People Who Use Drugs: A Virtual Project During Multiple Epidemics.Sociological methodology · 2025Article
- Challenges for the implementation of injectable opioid agonist treatment: a scoping review.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Multiobjective Molecular Optimization for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Using Generative Network Complex.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Machine-learning repurposing of DrugBank compounds for opioid use disorder.Computers in biology and medicine · 2023Article
- Heroin and its metabolites: relevance to heroin use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Comparison of Psychopathologic Characteristics between Individuals Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Treatment, Opioid Dependents, and Control Group.Addiction & health · 2022Article
- How do people who use drugs receiving Opioid Medication Therapy perceive their treatment ? A multicentre study.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Frontal Lobe Functions, Demoralization, Depression and Craving as Prognostic Factors and Positive Outcomes of Patients with Heroin Use Disorder Receiving 6 Months of Methadone Maintenance Treatment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Changes in methadone program practices and fatal methadone overdose rates in Connecticut during COVID-19.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Article
- Recent advances in the treatment of opioid use disorders-focus on long-acting buprenorphine formulations.World journal of psychiatry · 2021Review
- Scotland's 2009-2015 methadone-prescription cohort: Quintiles for daily dose of prescribed methadone and risk of methadone-specific death.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Article
- Role of Cannabidiol in the Therapeutic Intervention for Substance Use Disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- New Approaches in Drug Dependence: Opioids.Current addiction reports · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For people seeking treatment, the course of heroin addiction tends to be chronic and relapsing, and longer duration of treatment is associated with better outcomes. Heroin addiction is strongly associated with deviant behaviour and crime, and the objectives in treating heroin addiction have been a blend of humane support, rehabilitation, public health intervention and crime control. Reduction in street heroin use is the foundation on which all these outcomes are based. The pharmacological basis of maintenance treatment of dependent individuals is to minimize withdrawal symptoms and attenuate the reinforcing effects of street heroin, leading to reduction or cessation of street heroin use. Opioid maintenance treatment can be moderately effective in suppressing heroin use, although deviations from evidence-based approaches, particularly the use of suboptimal doses, have meant that treatment as delivered in practice may have resulted in poorer outcomes than predicted by research. Methadone treatment has been 'programmatic', with a one-size-fits-all approach that in part reflects the perceived need to impose discipline on deviant individuals. However, differences in pharmacokinetics and in side-effects mean that many patients do not respond optimally to methadone. Injectable diamorphine (heroin) provides a more reinforcing medication for some 'nonresponders' and can be a valuable option in the rehabilitation of demoralized, socially excluded individuals. Buprenorphine, a partial agonist, is a less reinforcing medication with different side-effects and less risk of overdose. Not only is it a different medication, but also it can be used in a different paradigm of treatment, office-based opioid treatment, with less structure and offering greater patient autonomy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.