ArticlePLoS pathogens2012
Chitinase dependent control of protozoan cyst burden in the brain.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study in two populations to determine genetic variants associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection and relationship to schizophrenia risk.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- Toxoplasma gondii infection of neurons alters the production and content of extracellular vesicles directing astrocyte phenotype and contributing to the loss of GLT-1 in the infected brain.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Human neutrophil-like cells demonstrate antimicrobial responses to the chronic cyst form of Toxoplasma gondii.Parasite immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- Forward Genetics in Apicomplexa Biology: The Host Side of the Story.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- ThemBio · 2021Article
- Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cerebral Toxoplasmosis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Epidemiological and Histopathological Investigation ofVeterinary sciences · 2020Article
- The molecular biology and immune control of chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Review
- Aging with Toxoplasma gondii results in pathogen clearance, resolution of inflammation, and minimal consequences to learning and memory.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The Bradyzoite: A Key Developmental Stage for the Persistence and Pathogenesis of Toxoplasmosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Succinylated Wheat Germ Agglutinin Colocalizes with the Toxoplasma gondii Cyst Wall Glycoprotein CST1.mSphere · 2020Article
- Influence of the Host and Parasite Strain on the Immune Response DuringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- The ROP16III-dependent early immune response determines the subacute CNS immune response and type III Toxoplasma gondii survival.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Penetration of CD8The American journal of pathology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic infections represent a continuous battle between the host's immune system and pathogen replication. Many protozoan parasites have evolved a cyst lifecycle stage that provides it with increased protection from environmental degradation as well as endogenous host mechanisms of attack. In the case of Toxoplasma gondii, these cysts are predominantly found in the immune protected brain making clearance of the parasite more difficult and resulting in a lifelong infection. Currently, little is known about the nature of the immune response stimulated by the presence of these cysts or how they are able to propagate. Here we establish a novel chitinase-dependent mechanism of cyst control in the infected brain. Despite a dominant Th1 immune response during Toxoplasma infection there exists a population of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMØ) in the infected CNS. These cells are capable of cyst lysis via the production of AMCase as revealed by live imaging, and this chitinase is necessary for protective immunity within the CNS. These data demonstrate chitinase activity in the brain in response to a protozoan pathogen and provide a novel mechanism to facilitate cyst clearance during chronic infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.