Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23208605›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2013

Natural killer cells protect against mucosal and systemic infection with the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium.

Lindsay J Hall, Carola T Murphy, Grainne Hurley, Aoife Quinlan, Fergus Shanahan, Kenneth Nally, Silvia Melgar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed.

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  20. The role of natural killer cells in Parkinson's disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lindsay J HallAlimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland. Lindsay.Hall@uea.ac.uk
Carola T Murphy
Grainne Hurley
Aoife Quinlan
Fergus Shanahan
Kenneth Nally
Silvia Melgar

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are traditionally considered in the context of tumor surveillance and viral defense, but their role in bacterial infections, particularly those caused by enteric pathogens, is less clear. C57BL/6 mice were orally gavaged with Citrobacter rodentium, a murine pathogen related to human diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. We used polyclonal anti-asialo GM1 antibody to actively deplete NK cells in vivo. Bioluminescent imaging and direct counts were used to follow infection. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to analyze immune responses. During C. rodentium infection, NK cells were recruited to mucosal tissues, where they expressed a diversity of immune-modulatory factors. Depletion of NK cells led to higher bacterial loads but less severe colonic inflammation, associated with reduced immune cell recruitment and lower cytokine levels. NK cell-depleted mice also developed disseminated systemic infection, unlike control infected mice. NK cells were also cytotoxic to C. rodentium in vitro.

Indexed as

AnimalsCecumCitrobacter rodentiumColonCytokinesEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsFemaleImmunologic FactorsInflammationKiller Cells, NaturalMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMucous MembraneCytokinesImmunologic Factors

Identifiers

PMID23208605
PMCPMC3553819

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.