ReviewCritical care (London, England)2012
Bench-to-bedside review: Clinical experience with the endotoxin activity assay.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02338232 (Pilot Study of Telmisartan), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pilot Study of Telmisartan (Micardis) For the Prevention of Acute Graft vs. Host Disease Post Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of polymyxin B hemoperfusion on modulation of human leukocyte antigen DR in severe sepsis patients.Critical care (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber hemoperfusion for patients with septic shock caused by Gram-negative bacillus infection.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Systemic cytokine and interferon responsiveness Patterns in HIV and HCV mono and co-infections.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2014Trial
- Pathogen characteristics are key determinants of distinct host response phenotypes of sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Observational
- Endotoxin Activity Assay-guided Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion: From Failed Trials to Biological Enrichment.Juntendo medical journal · 2026Review
- Use of Oxiris membrane in real-world clinical practice in critical care patients: a multicenter observational study.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2025Article
- Endotoxin Activity Assay-Guided Patient Selection for Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion: Lessons from the TIGRIS Trial and Future Directions.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Organ Failure, Endotoxin Activity, and Mortality in Septic Shock.Critical care explorations · 2025Observational
- Septic Hyperinflammation-Is There a Role for Extracorporeal Blood Purification Techniques?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Challenges in Septic Shock: From New Hemodynamics to Blood Purification Therapies.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Effects of enhanced adsorption haemofiltration versus haemoadsorption in severe, refractory septic shock with high levels of endotoxemia: the ENDoX bicentric, randomized, controlled trial.Annals of intensive care · 2023Article
- Endotoxic Septic Shock: Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: consensus report of the 28th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Endotoxin removal therapy with Polymyxin B immobilized fiber column as a COVID-19-bedside strategy protocol for endotoxic shock.Frontiers in nephrology · 2022Article
- Endotoxin Activity in Patients With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Life Support: An Observational Pilot Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Increased Endotoxin Activity Is Associated with the Risk of Developing Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Importance of Endotoxin Clearance in Endotoxemic Septic Shock: An Analysis From the Evaluating Use of PolymyxinB Hemoperfusion in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Adults Treated for Endotoxemic Septic Shock (EUPHRATES) Trial.Critical care explorations · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endotoxin detection in human patients has been a difficult challenge, in part due to the fact that the conserved active portion of the molecule (lipid A) is a relatively small epitope only amenable to binding by a single ligand at any one instance and low levels (pg/ml) are capable of stimulating the immune system. The endotoxin activity assay, a bioassay based on neutrophil activation by complement opsonized immune complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), has allowed the specific detection of the lipid A epitope of LPS in a rapid whole blood assay format. This review summarizes diagnostic studies utilizing the endotoxin activity assay in a variety of hospital patient populations in whom endotoxin is postulated to play a significant role in disease etiology. These include ICU patients at risk of developing 'sepsis syndrome', abdominal and cardiovascular surgery patients and patients with serious traumatic injury. Significant features of these studies include the high negative predictive value of the assay (98.6%) for rule out of Gram-negative infection, ability to risk stratify patients progressing to severe sepsis (odds ratio 3.0) and evidence of LPS release in patients with gut hypoperfusion. Preliminary studies have successfully combined the assay with anti-LPS removal strategies to prospectively identify patients who might benefit from this therapy with early evidence of clinical benefit.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.