Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23206364›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2012

Toxicity of essential oil from Indian borage on the larvae of the African malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles gambiae.

Eliningaya J Kweka, Annadurai Senthilkumar, Venugopalan Venkatesalu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2019
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Eliningaya J KwekaDivision of Livestock and Human Diseases Vector Control, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, Ngaramtoni, Off Nairobi Road, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania. pat.kweka@gmail.com
Annadurai Senthilkumar
Venugopalan Venkatesalu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEssential oils are currently studied for the control of different disease vectors, because of their efficacy on targeted organisms. In the present investigation, the larvicidal potential of essential oil extracted from Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus) was studied against the African anthropophagic malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. The larvae of An. gambiae s.s laboratory colony and An. gambiae s.l of wild populations were assayed and the larval mortality was observed at 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure period with the concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 ppm.

findingsLarval mortality rates of the essential oil was entirely time and dose dependent. The LC50 values of the laboratory colony were 98.56 (after 12h) 55.20 (after 24 h) and 32.41 ppm (after 48 h) and the LC90 values were 147.40 (after 12h), 99.09 (after 24 h) and 98.84 ppm (after 48 h). The LC50 and LC90 values of the wild population were 119.52, 179.85 (after 12h) 67.53, 107.60 (after 24 h) and 25.51, 111.17 ppm (after 48 h) respectively. The oil showed good larvicidal potential after 48 h of exposure period against An. gambiae. The essential oil of Indian borage is a renowned natural source of larvicides for the control of the African malaria vector mosquito, An. gambiae.

conclusionThe larvicidal efficacy shown by plant extracts against An. gambiae should be tested in semi field and small scale trials for effective compounds to supplement the existing larval control tools.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnophelesBoragoDisease VectorsFemaleInsecticidesLarvaOils, VolatilePlant ExtractsSurvival AnalysisInsecticidesOils, VolatilePlant Extracts

Identifiers

PMID23206364
PMCPMC3523979

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.