ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2012
Multiple sclerosis: the role of cytokines in pathogenesis and in therapies.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of the Impact of Dietary Sodium on Autoimmunity and Inflammation Related to Multiple Sclerosis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Pooled it
- Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Cytokines as Biomarkers for Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 226 Studies With 13,526 Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- T Helper Cells and Cytokine Networks in the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- Thymoquinone improves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- The neuroprotective effect of human primary astrocytes in multiple sclerosis: In vitro model.PloS one · 2024Article
- Breaking boundaries: the transformative role of exercise in managing multiple sclerosis.EXCLI journal · 2024Review
- Tehranolid and Artemisinin Effects on Ameliorating Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Modulating Inflammation and Remyelination.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Comparative Analysis of Apigenin-3 Acetate versus Apigenin and Methyl-Prednisolone in Inhibiting Proliferation and Gene Expression of Th1 Cells in Multiple Sclerosis.Cell journal · 2023Article
- Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in multiple sclerosis: From cellular surrogates to pathogenic mediators and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Review
- Serum Levels of CXCL13 Are Associated With Teriflunomide Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Article
- Th17-Related Cytokines as Potential Discriminatory Markers between Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease) and Multiple Sclerosis-A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Assessment of IL-7RA T244I Polymorphism as a Risk Factor of Multiple Sclerosis in Turkish Population.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2020Article
- Impact of supplementation with "multivitamin-mineral" specially formulated to improve fatigue and inflammatory state in patients with multiple sclerosis: A triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Current journal of neurology · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-92a Drives Th1 Responses in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Inflammation · 2019Article
- Exploiting the Therapeutic Potential of Endogenous Immunomodulatory Systems in Multiple Sclerosis-Special Focus on the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and the Kynurenines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Computational Intelligence Technique for Prediction of Multiple Sclerosis Based on Serum Cytokines.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- Distinct Cytokine and Chemokine Expression in Plasma and Calpeptin-Treated PBMCs of a Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patient: A Case Report.Neurochemical research · 2018Article
- A unique tolerizing dendritic cell phenotype induced by the synthetic triterpenoid CDDO-DFPA (RTA-408) is protective against EAE.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2016-07-04Euphemisms for Plagiarism · Plagiarism of Text ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis, the clinical features and pathological correlate for which were first described by Charcot, is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with unknown etiology and variable clinical evolution. Although neuroinflammation is a descriptive denominator in multiple sclerosis based on histopathological observations, namely the penetration of leukocytes into the central nervous system, the clinical symptoms of relapses, remissions and progressive paralysis are the result of losses of myelin and neurons. In the absence of etiological factors as targets for prevention and therapy, the definition of molecular mechanisms that form the basis of inflammation, demyelination and toxicity for neurons have led to a number of treatments that slow down disease progression in specific patient cohorts, but that do not cure the disease. Current therapies are directed to block the immune processes, both innate and adaptive, that are associated with multiple sclerosis. In this review, we analyze the role of cytokines in the multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and current/future use of them in treatments of multiple sclerosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.