ReviewToxins2012
Conotoxins targeting neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes: potential analgesics?
Review in Toxins, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Animal Venoms Targeting Cellular Mechanisms: Advances and Implications for Drug Discovery and Disease Therapy.Toxins · 2026Review
- Review
- Marine-derived bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: pharmacology and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Comparative Analysis of the Overlapping Molecular Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Frontotemporal Dementia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Nutraceutical and Medicinal Importance of Marine Molluscs.Marine drugs · 2024Review
- Review
- Historical Perspective of the Characterization of Conotoxins Targeting Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Pathophysiological Responses to Conotoxin Modulation of Voltage-Gated Ion Currents.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: A Prominent Target of Marine Toxins.Marine drugs · 2021Review
- Venom-Derived Peptides Inhibiting Voltage-Gated Sodium and Calcium Channels in Mammalian Sensory Neurons.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- Selecting Potential Neuronal Drug Leads from Conotoxins of Various Venomous Marine Cone Snails in Bali, Indonesia.ACS omega · 2019Article
- Phα1β Spider Toxin Reverses Glial Structural Plasticity Upon Peripheral Inflammation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Discovery Methodology of Novel Conotoxins fromMarine drugs · 2018Review
- µ-Conotoxins Modulating Sodium Currents in Pain Perception and Transmission: A Therapeutic Potential.Marine drugs · 2017Review
- The Role of Individual Disulfide Bonds of μ-Conotoxin GIIIA in the Inhibition of NaMarine drugs · 2016Article
- Interaction of Tarantula Venom Peptide ProTx-II with Lipid Membranes Is a Prerequisite for Its Inhibition of Human Voltage-gated Sodium Channel NaV1.7.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- The hitchhiker's guide to the voltage-gated sodium channel galaxy.The Journal of general physiology · 2016Review
- Conotoxins That Could Provide Analgesia through Voltage Gated Sodium Channel Inhibition.Toxins · 2015Review
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are the primary mediators of electrical signal amplification and propagation in excitable cells. VGSC subtypes are diverse, with different biophysical and pharmacological properties, and varied tissue distribution. Altered VGSC expression and/or increased VGSC activity in sensory neurons is characteristic of inflammatory and neuropathic pain states. Therefore, VGSC modulators could be used in prospective analgesic compounds. VGSCs have specific binding sites for four conotoxin families: μ-, μO-, δ- and ί-conotoxins. Various studies have identified that the binding site of these peptide toxins is restricted to well-defined areas or domains. To date, only the μ- and μO-family exhibit analgesic properties in animal pain models. This review will focus on conotoxins from the μ- and μO-families that act on neuronal VGSCs. Examples of how these conotoxins target various pharmacologically important neuronal ion channels, as well as potential problems with the development of drugs from conotoxins, will be discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.