ReviewToxins2012
Emerging opportunities for serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins.
Review in Toxins, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Molecular Diversity and Functional Implications of Mammalian Choline Acetyltransferases in Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- RTP004 Peptide Binds to Botulinum Neurotoxin, Increases Cell Surface Binding, and Enhances Cellular SNAP-25 Cleavage.Toxins · 2026Article
- Probing the properties of PTEN specific botulinum toxin type E mutants.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Article
- Transcriptional responses of mouse proximal colon and colonoids during early whipworm infection.mBio · 2025Article
- Botulinum Neurotoxins: History, Mechanism, and Applications. A Narrative Review.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Production of monoclonal antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin inHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Long-Term Management of Post-Stroke Spasticity with Botulinum Toxin: A Retrospective Study.Toxins · 2024Article
- The significance of split-face studies and electromyography in forehead rejuvenation.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2023Article
- A Comprehensive Structural Analysis ofToxins · 2023Review
- Introducing a noninvasive, non-surgical, and reversible animal model for fecal incontinence using abobotulinumtoxinA in dogs.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2022Article
- Structural Features ofToxins · 2022Article
- Article
- ABToxins · 2022Review
- Optogenetically controlled human functional motor endplate for testing botulinum neurotoxins.Stem cell research & therapy · 2021Article
- [Clinical application and mechanism of botulinum toxin type A in scar treatment].Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns · 2021Article
- Emerging Opportunities in Human Pluripotent Stem-Cells Based Assays to Explore the Diversity of Botulinum Neurotoxins as Future Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Botulinum toxin type A enhances the inhibitory spontaneous postsynaptic currents on the substantia gelatinosa neurons of the subnucleus caudalis in immature mice.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTwo decades ago, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) type A was introduced to the commercial market. Subsequently, the toxin was approved by the FDA to address several neurological syndromes, involving muscle, nerve, and gland hyperactivity. These syndromes have typically been associated with abnormalities in cholinergic transmission. Despite the multiplicity of botulinal serotypes (designated as types A through G), therapeutic preparations are currently only available for BoNT types A and B. However, other BoNT serotypes are under study for possible clinical use and new clinical indications;
objectiveTo review the current research on botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A-G, and to analyze potential applications within basic science and clinical settings;
conclusionsThe increasing understanding of botulinal neurotoxin pathophysiology, including the neurotoxin's effects on specific neuronal populations, will help us in tailoring treatments for specific diagnoses, symptoms and patients. Scientists and clinicians should be aware of the full range of available data involving neurotoxin subtypes A-G.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.