Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23201436›Full record

ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2013

Amblyopia and binocular vision.

Eileen E Birch

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 270 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
270citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
13.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03255707 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

A Comparative Study Between Dissociative Treatment and Binocular Interactive Treatment in Amblyopia

TypeinterventionalSponsorAin Shams UniversityRan2016 to 2022Enrolled80ConditionsAmblyopiaArmseye patch, dichoptic treatment
NCT06150391 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Randomized Controlled Trial of a Dichoptic Gabor Videogame Program to Improve Visual Function in Children With Amblyopia

TypeinterventionalSponsorHospital de MeridaRan2023 to 2024Enrolled120ConditionsAmblyopiaArmsVisionary: computer exercises using dichoptic Gabor Patches and band-filtered noise masks, Patching
NCT07226141 phase1 / phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Valproate for the Treatment of Residual Amblyopia

TypeinterventionalSponsorBoston Children's HospitalRan2026 to 2027Enrolled28ConditionsAmblyopia, Amblyopia Unilateral, Amblyopia, Anisometropic, Amblyopia StrabismicArmsValproate, Placebo, Patch
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

270 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 510 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Spontaneous recovery from amblyopia following fellow eye vision loss: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Guideline
  5. Guideline
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Efficacy of patching combined with action video games in amblyopic children aged 4-10 years: A randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. A randomized clinical trial of contrast increment protocols for binocular amblyopia treatment.Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · 2020
    Trial
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Saccadic Reaction Times and Computational Modelling Reveal Heterogeneous Binocular Summation in Glaucomatous Visual Fields.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

210 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eileen E BirchPediatric Laboratory, Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, TX 75231, USA. ebirch@retinafoundation.org
Retina Foundation of the Southwest · US

Funding

Binocular Vision, Amblyopia, and Refractive Development in EsotropiaR01EY022313 · NEI · RETINA FOUNDATION OF THE SOUTHWEST · PI Eileen Elizabeth Birch · 2012 to 2026
$7.0M
Development and Maintenance of Binocular Vision (EY005236)R01EY005236 · NEI · RETINA FOUNDATION OF THE SOUTHWEST · PI BIRCH, EILEEN ELIZABETH · 1985 to 2010
$4.1M
NEI NIH HHS EY022313NEI NIH HHS EY05236NEI NIH HHS R01 EY005236NEI NIH HHS R01 EY022313
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular visual loss in children, affecting 1.3%-3.6% of children. Current treatments are effective in reducing the visual acuity deficit but many amblyopic individuals are left with residual visual acuity deficits, ocular motor abnormalities, deficient fine motor skills, and risk for recurrent amblyopia. Using a combination of psychophysical, electrophysiological, imaging, risk factor analysis, and fine motor skill assessment, the primary role of binocular dysfunction in the genesis of amblyopia and the constellation of visual and motor deficits that accompany the visual acuity deficit has been identified. These findings motivated us to evaluate a new, binocular approach to amblyopia treatment with the goals of reducing or eliminating residual and recurrent amblyopia and of improving the deficient ocular motor function and fine motor skills that accompany amblyopia.

Indexed as

AmblyopiaChildChild, PreschoolHumansInfantStrabismusVision, Binocular

Identifiers

PMID23201436
PMCPMC3577063
OpenAlexW1970624988

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.