ArticleEvoDevo2012
Broken colinearity of the amphioxus Hox cluster.
Article in EvoDevo, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Similarities betweeneNeuro · 2026Article
- Insights into cephalochordate genome and gene evolution from the early-diverging amphioxusProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Anterior-posterior patterning in the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera informs bilaterian nervous system and tail evolution.Communications biology · 2025Article
- The dorsal/ventral subdivision of the hindbrain predates the tunicate/vertebrate split.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Single-cell Transcriptomic Studies Unveil Potential Nodes of the Notochord Gene Regulatory Network.Integrative and comparative biology · 2024Review
- Chromosome-level genome assemblies of 2 hemichordates provide new insights into deuterostome origin and chromosome evolution.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Three amphioxus reference genomes reveal gene and chromosome evolution of chordates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Seeking Sense in the Hox Gene Cluster.Journal of developmental biology · 2022Review
- Homeotic Genes: Clustering, Modularity, and Diversity.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Article
- A Preliminary Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis of Embryonic Cells That ExpressFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- The EJC component Magoh in non-vertebrate chordates.Development genes and evolution · 2020Article
- The notochord gene regulatory network in chordate evolution: Conservation and divergence from Ciona to vertebrates.Current topics in developmental biology · 2020Review
- Hox gene expression during development of the phoronidEvoDevo · 2020Article
- Two more Posterior Hox genes and Hox cluster dispersal in echinoderms.BMC evolutionary biology · 2018Article
- Staggered Hox expression is more widespread among molluscs than previously appreciated.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2018Article
- Expansion of gene clusters, circular orders, and the shortest Hamiltonian path problem.Journal of mathematical biology · 2018Article
- Molecular regionalization of the developing amphioxus neural tube challenges major partitions of the vertebrate brain.PLoS biology · 2017Article
- Lineage-specific duplication of amphioxus retinoic acid degrading enzymes (CYP26) resulted in sub-functionalization of patterning and homeostatic roles.BMC evolutionary biology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelled
backgroundIn most eumetazoans studied so far, Hox genes determine the identity of structures along the main body axis. They are usually linked in genomic clusters and, in the case of the vertebrate embryo, are expressed with spatial and temporal colinearity. Outside vertebrates, temporal colinearity has been reported in the cephalochordate amphioxus (the least derived living relative of the chordate ancestor) but only for anterior and central genes, namely Hox1 to Hox4 and Hox6. However, most of the Hox gene expression patterns in amphioxus have not been reported. To gain global insights into the evolution of Hox clusters in chordates, we investigated a more extended expression profile of amphioxus Hox genes.
resultsHere we report an extended expression profile of the European amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum Hox genes and describe that all Hox genes, except Hox13, are expressed during development. Interestingly, we report the breaking of both spatial and temporal colinearity for at least Hox6 and Hox14, which thus have escaped from the classical Hox code concept. We show a previously unidentified Hox6 expression pattern and a faint expression for posterior Hox genes in structures such as the posterior mesoderm, notochord, and hindgut. Unexpectedly, we found that amphioxus Hox14 had the most divergent expression pattern. This gene is expressed in the anterior cerebral vesicle and pharyngeal endoderm. Amphioxus Hox14 expression represents the first report of Hox gene expression in the most anterior part of the central nervous system. Nevertheless, despite these divergent expression patterns, amphioxus Hox6 and Hox14 seem to be still regulated by retinoic acid.
conclusionsEscape from colinearity by Hox genes is not unusual in either vertebrates or amphioxus and we suggest that those genes escaping from it are probably associated with the patterning of lineage-specific morphological traits, requiring the loss of those developmental constraints that kept them colinear.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.