ReviewEye (London, England)2013
Intraocular lymphoma: a clinical perspective.
Review in Eye (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Response-Adapted Intravitreal Methotrexate Therapy for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A Two-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: a clinical case highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and the need for a multidisciplinary management.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Successful use of intravitreal rituximab as salvage therapy for relapsed vitreoretinal lymphoma.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Advanced Multimodal Imaging in Granulomatous Uveitis: From Differential Diagnosis to Treatment Monitoring and Surgical Integration.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Exosome-Based Approaches in Regenerative Medicine and Targeted Therapy for Eye Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review.Eye and brain · 2026Review
- Intraocular Lymphoma: A Review.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025Review
- Case report: Intraretinal hyperflow microinfiltration lesions on swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography as a potential biomarker of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Diagnosis and management of vitreoretinal lymphoma: present and future treatment perspectives.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Vitreoretinal lymphoma presenting as frosted branch angiitis in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Diagnostic Laboratory Tests and New Emerging Molecular Tools.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- Update in Molecular Testing for Intraocular Lymphoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Advanced OCT Analysis of Biopsy-proven Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.American journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- First observation of intraocular extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma secondary to a retroperitoneal tumour: a case report and comparative review.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Hidden in the Eyes-Recurrence of Systemic Hemopathies Reportedly "In Remission": Six Cases and Review of Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study of 20 Eyes.Journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.Cancers · 2021Review
- Molecular Characterization of a Rare Case of Bilateral Vitreoretinal T Cell Lymphoma through Vitreous Liquid Biopsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Clinical features and treatment outcomes of intraocular lymphoma: a single-center experience in China.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Beware the quiet eye: primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading as posterior uveitis.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
- Logistic Regression Classification of Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma versus Uveitis by Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 10 Levels.Ophthalmology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare malignancy that is speculated to arise extraocularly, and preferentially invade and flourish in the ocular and CNS microenvironments. The eye is involved in about 20% of primary central nervous system lymphomas, but the brain is eventually involved in about 80% of PVRL. Most are B-cell lymphomas with small numbers of T-cell lymphomas metastatic to the vitreous and retina. Metastatic systemic B-cell lymphoma usually involves choroid. Primary choroidal lymphoma is rare. Intraocular lymphoma can usually be distinguished from uveitis clinically, although there are overlaps, which may be pronounced in eyes with a large component of reactive inflammation related to tumor surveillance and control. There are controversies in diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis through examination of ocular fluid is technically difficult and can utilize cytology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, molecular detection of gene rearrangements, and cytokine profiling. Treatment of intraocular lymphoma without detectable CNS disease could consist of a full course of systemic chemotherapy with ocular adjunctive treatment, or ocular treatment alone depending on the preference of the clinical center. In ocular only cases where the vitreous has been debulked to improve vision and there is no sight-threatening involvement of the RPE, orbital irradiation or intravitreal chemotherapy stabilizes the intraocular process but does not seem to modify the CNS component, which can present symptomatically in an advanced state. This is a highly malignant disease with a poor prognosis. Close collaboration with a pathologist and oncologist, and good communication with patients is essential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.