ArticleExperimental cell research2013
Autophagy is required for IL-2-mediated fibroblast growth.
Article in Experimental cell research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammasomes and autophagy in cancer: unlocking targeted therapies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Cervical Cancer Cells Use the CD95 and IL-2 Pathways to Promote Their Proliferation and Survival.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Regulation of cardiac fibroblasts by lymphocytes after a myocardial infarction: playing in the major league.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Review
- The Effects of Tissue Healing Factors in Wound Repair Involving Absorbable Meshes: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Autophagy in Cancer Immunotherapy.Cells · 2022Review
- Autophagy: A Friend or Foe in Allergic Asthma?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Effect of Nintedanib on T-Cell Activation, Subsets and Functions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2021Article
- Suppression of sirtuin 1 alleviates airway inflammation through mTOR‑mediated autophagy.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Emerging Autophagy Functions Shape the Tumor Microenvironment and Play a Role in Cancer Progression - Implications for Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Human amniotic epithelial cells improve fertility in an intrauterine adhesion mouse model.Stem cell research & therapy · 2019Article
- The physiological roles of autophagy in the mammalian life cycle.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2019Review
- The relationship between autophagy and the immune system and its applications for tumor immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2019Review
- Perpetual change: autophagy, the endothelium, and response to vascular injury.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Review
- The contribution of interleukin-2 to effective wound healing.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2017Review
- Low-Dose IL-2 in the Treatment of Lupus.Current rheumatology reports · 2016Review
- Synergistic immunologic targets for the treatment of prostate cancer.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2016Review
- Common γ-chain cytokine signaling is required for macroautophagy induction during CD4+ T-cell activation.Autophagy · 2015Article
- Deficiency of MTMR14 promotes autophagy and proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2014Article
- The role of autophagy in colitis-associated colorectal cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for delivery of cytoplasmic material into the lysosomal degradation pathway to enable vesicular exocytosis. Interleukin (IL)-2 is produced by T-cells and its activity is important for immunoregulation. Fibroblasts are an immune competent cell type, playing a critical role in wound healing, chronic inflammation, and tumor development. Although autophagy plays an important role in each of these processes, whether it regulates IL-2 activity in fibroblasts is unknown. Here, we show that autophagy is required for IL-2-induced cell growth in fibroblasts. IL-2 significantly induced autophagy in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and primary lung fibroblasts. Autophagy inhibitors (e.g., 3-methylamphetamine and bafilomycin A1) or knockdown of ATG5 and beclin 1 blocked clinical grade IL-2-induced autophagy. Moreover, IL-2 induced HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation in MEFs and promoted interaction between HMGB1 and beclin1, which is required for autophagy induction. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy inhibited IL-2-induced cell proliferation and enhanced IL-2-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that autophagy is an important pro-survival regulator for IL-2-induced cell growth in fibroblasts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.