ArticleJournal of virology2013
Neurotropic arboviruses induce interferon regulatory factor 3-mediated neuronal responses that are cytoprotective, interferon independent, and inhibited by Western equine encephalitis virus capsid.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Evasion by Neurotropic Viruses: Molecular Strategies, Cellular Targets, and Consequences for CNS Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Western equine encephalitis virus: A comprehensive review of epidemics, transmission, hosts, and strategies for mitigation.Virulence · 2025Review
- Targeting pattern recognition receptors for cancer therapy: Mechanisms and strategies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- IRF3 in viral infections: more than just triggering the interferon response.Genes and immunity · 2025Review
- The sticky business of Alphavirus capsid-host interactions.Trends in microbiology · 2025Review
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus: Pathogenesis, immune response, and clinical manifestations.Infectious medicine · 2025Review
- Retinoic acid-induced differentiation and oxidative stress inhibitors increase resistance of human neuroblastoma cells to La Crosse virus-induced cell death.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Distinct Cellular Tropism and Immune Responses to Alphavirus Infection.Annual review of immunology · 2022Review
- Neurotropic RNA Virus Modulation of Immune Responses within the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Alphavirus Virulence Determinants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 have distinct roles in the pathogenesis of alphavirus encephalomyelitis.The Journal of general virology · 2019Article
- Interferon-Independent Innate Responses to Cytomegalovirus.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Review
- Visualization of a neurotropic flavivirus infection in mouse reveals unique viscerotropism controlled by host type I interferon signaling.Theranostics · 2017Article
- Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) Compounds Alter New World Alphavirus Capsid Localization and Reduce Viral Replication in Mammalian Cells.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Type-1 angiotensin receptor signaling in central nervous system myeloid cells is pathogenic during fatal alphavirus encephalitis in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2016Article
- The unique regulation and functions of type III interferons in antiviral immunity.Current opinion in virology · 2015Review
- Manipulation of host factors optimizes the pathogenesis of western equine encephalitis virus infections in mice for antiviral drug development.Journal of neurovirology · 2015Article
- Differentiation of neurons restricts Arbovirus replication and increases expression of the alpha isoform of IRF-7.Journal of virology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cell-intrinsic innate immune responses mediated by the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) are often vital for early pathogen control, and effective responses in neurons may be crucial to prevent the irreversible loss of these critical central nervous system cells after infection with neurotropic pathogens. To investigate this hypothesis, we used targeted molecular and genetic approaches with cultured neurons to study cell-intrinsic host defense pathways primarily using the neurotropic alphavirus western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV). We found that WEEV activated IRF-3-mediated neuronal innate immune pathways in a replication-dependent manner, and abrogation of IRF-3 function enhanced virus-mediated injury by WEEV and the unrelated flavivirus St. Louis encephalitis virus. Furthermore, IRF-3-dependent neuronal protection from virus-mediated cytopathology occurred independently of autocrine or paracrine type I interferon activity. Despite being partially controlled by IRF-3-dependent signals, WEEV also disrupted antiviral responses by inhibiting pattern recognition receptor pathways. This antagonist activity was mapped to the WEEV capsid gene, which disrupted signal transduction downstream of IRF-3 activation and was independent of capsid-mediated inhibition of host macromolecular synthesis. Overall, these results indicate that innate immune pathways have important cytoprotective activity in neurons and contribute to limiting injury associated with infection by neurotropic arboviruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.