ArticleBMC cancer2012
Profound tumor-specific Th2 bias in patients with malignant glioma.
Article in BMC cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
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- mRNA therapeutics: Transforming medicine through innovation in design, delivery, and disease treatment.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor-associated macrophages in cancer immunoediting: a targetable therapeutic axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A Four-Gene Panel for the Prediction of Prognosis and Immune Cell Enrichment in Gliomas.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Article
- Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Targeting MELK improves PD-1 blockade efficiency in cervical cancer via enhancing antitumor immunity.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Breast cancers co-opt normal mechanisms of tolerance to promote immune evasion and metastasis.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2022Review
- Understanding Immune Responses to Viruses-Do Underlying Th1/Th2 Cell Biases Predict Outcome?Viruses · 2022Review
- Prognostic Biomarker KIF18A and Its Correlations With Immune Infiltrates and Mitosis in Glioma.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- CENP-A is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration levels in glioma patients.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Abnormally Expressed Ferroptosis-Associated FANCD2 in Mediating the Temozolomide Resistance and Immune Response in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Identification of a novel pyroptosis-related gene signature correlated with the prognosis of diffuse glioma patients.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Genomic instability in lower-grade glioma: Prediction of prognosis based on lncRNA and immune infiltration.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Prognostic Gene Expression Signature in Patients With Distinct Glioma Grades.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Neuroinflammation in Autoimmune Disease and Primary Brain Tumors: The Quest for Striking the Right Balance.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Therapeutic applications of the selective high affinity ligand drug SH7139 extend beyond non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to many other types of solid cancers.Oncotarget · 2020Article
- Immune Suppression in Pregnancy and Cancer: Parallels and Insights.Translational oncology · 2020Review
- Toca 511 gene transfer and treatment with the prodrug, 5-fluorocytosine, promotes durable antitumor immunity in a mouse glioma model.Neuro-oncology · 2017Article
- Immunogenicity and efficacy of a rationally designed vaccine against vascular endothelial growth factor in mouse solid tumor models.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2017Article
- PI3K pathway inhibitors: potential prospects as adjuncts to vaccine immunotherapy for glioblastoma.Immunotherapy · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVaccination against tumor-associated antigens is one promising approach to immunotherapy against malignant gliomas. While previous vaccine efforts have focused exclusively on HLA class I-restricted peptides, class II-restricted peptides are necessary to induce CD4+ helper T cells and sustain effective anti-tumor immunity. In this report we investigated the ability of five candidate peptide epitopes derived from glioma-associated antigens MAGE and IL-13 receptor α2 to detect and characterize CD4+ helper T cell responses in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant gliomas.
methodsPrimary T cell responses were determined by stimulating freshly isolated PBMCs from patients with primary glioblastoma (GBM) (n = 8), recurrent GBM (n = 5), meningioma (n = 7), and healthy controls (n = 6) with each candidate peptide, as well as anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and an immunodominant peptide epitope derived from myelin basic protein (MBP) serving as positive and negative controls, respectively. ELISA was used to measure IFN-γ and IL-5 levels, and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-5 was used to determine whether the response had a predominant Th1 or Th2 bias.
resultsWe demonstrate that novel HLA Class-II restricted MAGE-A3 and IL-13Rα2 peptides can detect T cell responses in patients with GBMs as well as in healthy subjects. Stimulation with a variety of peptide antigens over-expressed by gliomas is associated with a profound reduction in the IFN-γ/IL-5 ratio in GBM patients relative to healthy subjects. This bias is more pronounced in patients with recurrent GBMs.
conclusionsTherapeutic vaccine strategies to shift tumor antigen-specific T cell response to a more immunostimulatory Th1 bias may be needed for immunotherapeutic trials to be more successful clinically.
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