ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2012
Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design and synthesis of natural antibacterial derivatives for ocular tuberculosis: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Article
- Novel Formulation of Eye Drops Containing Choline Salicylate and Hyaluronic Acid: Stability, Permeability, and Cytotoxicity Studies Using Alternative Ex Vivo and In Vitro Models.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mild temperature photothermal assisted anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory nanosystem for synergistic treatment of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis.Theranostics · 2020Article
- Ocular surface cytotoxicity and safety evaluation of tafluprost, a recently developed anti-glaucoma prostaglandin analog.Ophthalmology and eye diseases · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAnti-inflammatory eyedrops are often used in the treatment of corneal epithelial disorders. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four ocular surface cell lines.
methodsThe cytotoxicity of six commercially available anti-inflammatory ophthalmic solutions (ie, diclofenac, bromfenac, pranoprofen, betamethasone, and fluoromethorone) was assessed in three corneal cell lines and one conjunctival cell line. Cell viability was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays after exposing the cells to 10, 30, and 60 minutes of onefold, twofold, and tenfold dilutions of the drugs. Cytotoxicity was compared using the cell viability score (CVS), an integrated cytotoxic parameter that takes various factors into account, such as dilution by tear fluid or concentration by evaporation, drug exposure time, and ocular surface cell type.
resultsBased on the CVS scores, the order of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested from least to most cytotoxic, with the active ingredient %CVS(50), and %CVS(40/80) for each solution given in parentheses, was as follows: Rinderon(®) (betamethasone, 100%, 100%) >0.02% Flumethoron(®) (fluoromethorone, 68%, 22%) = 0.1% Flumethoron(®) (fluoromethorone, 76%, 22%) >Bronuck(®) (0.1% bromfenac, 53%, -8%) = Diclod(®) (0.1% diclofenac, 44%, -15%) = Niflan(®) (pranoprofen, 50%, -19%). Rinderon(®) exhibited the least toxicity of all the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested. Eyedrops containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exhibited greater cytotoxicity than those containing steroids with benzalkonium at comparable concentrations. Concentration was the most significant factor affecting cell viability.
conclusionThe cytotoxicity of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops evaluated in the present study depended on both the pharmaceutical components and preservatives. The CVS is a concise indicator of drug cytotoxicity.
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