Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23183846›Full record

ArticlePloS one2012

Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus and mouse mammary tumour virus as multiple viruses in breast cancer.

Wendy K Glenn, Benjamin Heng, Warick Delprado, Barry Iacopetta, Noel J Whitaker, James S Lawson

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Increased Sporadic Breast Carcinoma Risk: A Meta-Analysis.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2020
    Pooled it
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  9. Review
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  11. The viral origins of breast cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
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  19. Epstein-Barr Viral Infection and the Risk for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research · 2023
    Review
  20. Article

37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Wendy K GlennSchool of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Benjamin Heng
Warick Delprado
Barry Iacopetta
Noel J Whitaker
James S Lawson
UNSW Sydney · AUDouglass Hanly Moir Pathology · AUUniversity of Western Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe purpose of this investigation is to determine if Epstein Barr virus (EBV), high risk human papillomavirus (HPV), and mouse mammary tumour viruses (MMTV) co-exist in some breast cancers. MATERIALS AND

methodsAll the specimens were from women residing in Australia. For investigations based on standard PCR, we used fresh frozen DNA extracts from 50 unselected invasive breast cancers. For normal breast specimens, we used DNA extracts from epithelial cells from milk donated by 40 lactating women. For investigations based on in situ PCR we used 27 unselected archival formalin fixed breast cancer specimens and 18 unselected archival formalin fixed normal breast specimens from women who had breast reduction surgery. Thirteen of these fixed breast cancer specimens were ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis) and 14 were predominantly invasive ductal carcinomas (idc).

resultsEBV sequences were identified in 68%, high risk HPV sequences in 50%, and MMTV sequences in 78% of DNA extracted from 50 invasive breast cancer specimens. These same viruses were identified in selected normal and breast cancer specimens by in situ PCR. Sequences from more than one viral type were identified in 72% of the same breast cancer specimens. Normal controls showed these viruses were also present in epithelial cells in human milk - EBV (35%), HPV, 20%) and MMTV (32%) of 40 milk samples from normal lactating women, with multiple viruses being identified in 13% of the same milk samples.

conclusionsWe conclude that (i) EBV, HPV and MMTV gene sequences are present and co-exist in many human breast cancers, (ii) the presence of these viruses in breast cancer is associated with young age of diagnosis and possibly an increased grade of breast cancer.

Indexed as

AgedAnimalsBase SequenceBreast NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Intraductal, NoninfiltratingCase-Control StudiesCell NucleusDNA, NeoplasmEpstein-Barr Virus Nuclear AntigensErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesFemaleGenome, ViralHerpesvirus 4, HumanHumansLipopolysaccharide ReceptorsMammary Tumor Virus, MouseDNA, NeoplasmEBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virusEBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear AntigensERBB2 protein, humanErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesLipopolysaccharide ReceptorsReceptors, EstrogenReceptors, ProgesteroneTumor Suppressor Protein p53Viral Matrix Proteins

Identifiers

PMID23183846
PMCPMC3501510
OpenAlexW2035449764

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.