ArticleLeukemia2013
Extensive bone marrow infiltration and abnormal free light chain ratio identifies patients with asymptomatic myeloma at high risk for progression to symptomatic disease.
Article in Leukemia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 159 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multicenter study of progression risk and outcomes in solitary bone plasmacytoma with and without marrow involvement.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Real-world outcomes of SLiM-only multiple myeloma: Korean Multicenter Retrospective analysis (KMM2401 study).Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Primum non nocere: a critical analysis of early intervention clinical trials in smoldering multiple myeloma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Navigating the evolving management of smoldering multiple myeloma.HemaSphere · 2026Review
- Simultaneous whole-body multi-parametric 2-[Leukemia · 2025Article
- Evaluating serum free light chain ratio as a biomarker in multiple myeloma.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Smoldering multiple myeloma: Integrating biology and risk into management.Seminars in hematology · 2025Review
- Autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma patients whose myeloma-defining event was SLiM.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- Performance Characteristics and Limitations of the Available Assays for the Detection and Quantitation of Monoclonal Free Light Chains and New Emerging Methodologies.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Clinical Profile and Treatment of Multiple Myeloma at a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya: A Five-Year Retrospective Review.Advances in hematology · 2024Article
- Breaking through Multiple Myeloma: A Paradigm for a Comprehensive Tumor Ecosystem Targeting.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- SFTSV infection is associated with transient overproliferation of monoclonal lambda-type plasma cells.iScience · 2023Article
- SLiM CRAB criteria revisited: temporal trends in prognosis of patients with smoldering multiple myeloma who meet the definition of 'biomarker-defined early multiple myeloma'-a systematic review with meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- High-throughput and high-accuracy diagnosis of multiple myeloma with multi-object detection.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Implementation of Whole-Body MRI (MY-RADS) within the OPTIMUM/MUKnine multi-centre clinical trial for patients with myeloma.Insights into imaging · 2022Article
- Monoclonal proteinuria predicts progression risk in asymptomatic multiple myeloma with a free light chain ratio ≥100.Leukemia · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Prospective Evaluation of Whole-Body MRI versus FDG PET/CT for Lesion Detection in Participants with Myeloma.Radiology. Imaging cancer · 2021Observational
- Testing Mayo Clinic's New 20/20/20 Risk Model in Another Cohort of Smoldering Myeloma Patients: A Retrospective Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2021Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Asymptomatic multiple myeloma (AMM) is characterized by a constant risk of progression to symptomatic myeloma. To evaluate previously recognized risk factors and to identify high-risk features we analyzed 96 patients with AMM and at least 18 months of follow-up. The progression rate at 1,2, and 3 years was 8%, 15% and 26%, respectively, and the projected 5-year progression rate was 38%. Extensive bone marrow (BM) infiltration, abnormal free light chain (FLC) ratio and serum monoclonal (M)-protein ≥ 3 gr/dl were the most significant factors for progression, whereas the type of heavy (IgG vs IgA) or light chain or immunoparesis of the uninvolved immunoglobulins were not. Abnormal marrow signal of magnetic resonance imaging of the spine was associated with a significant risk of progression (median 15 months, P=0.001). Extensive BM infiltration ≥ 60% (hazard ratio, HR: 13.7, P<0.001) and FLC ratio ≥ 100 (HR: 9, P=0.003) independently identified a 'very high-risk' group, which included 12.5% of patients with AMM and who progressed ≤ 18 months from initial diagnosis. Development of anemia and/or lytic bone lesions were the most common features of symptomatic progression. In conclusion, there is a subgroup of patients who have a substantial risk of progression to symptomatic disease that can be detected at diagnosis (either by extensive BM infiltration ≥ 60% or FLC ratio ≥ 100) and may be considered for immediate treatment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.