Trial reportInternational journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics2013
RTOG 0211: a phase 1/2 study of radiation therapy with concurrent gefitinib for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.
Trial report in International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESMO-ESTRO consensus statements on the safety of combining radiotherapy with EGFR, ALK, or BRAF/MEK inhibitors.ESMO open · 2026Pooled it
- Receptor tyrosine kinase targeted therapies in glioblastoma: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): An overview of current therapies and mechanisms of resistance.Pharmacological research · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- A Phase 2 Study of Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide, and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid for Patients With Glioblastoma.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2015Trial
- The evolution of RTOG and NRG Oncology CNS tumors clinical trials.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Next-generation therapeutics for glioblastoma: Challenges and future directions.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Redundancy in Growth Factor Receptor Signaling in Adult Astrocytoma Resistance to Small-Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Design, Conduct, and Analysis of Externally Controlled Trials.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Novel radiotherapy target definition using AI-driven predictions of glioblastoma recurrence from metabolic and diffusion MRI.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- EGFR-Mutant Urothelial Carcinoma Harboring an Ala750_Ile759delinsGlyGly Alteration with a Primary Resistance to Polychemotherapy and a Sensitivity to Osimertinib: A Literature Review on EGFR Alterations and Response to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Cancers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Application of EGFR-TKIs in brain tumors, a breakthrough in future?Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Nimotuzumab and bevacizumab combined with temozolomide and radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: a retrospective single-arm study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Glioblastoma multiforme: insights into pathogenesis, key signaling pathways, and therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Network analyses of brain tumor multiomic data reveal pharmacological opportunities to alter cell state transitions.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of CD73 inhibition on overcoming anti-EGFR resistance in glioma cells.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Current status of precision oncology in adult glioblastoma.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- Targeting drug resistance in glioblastoma (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine the safety and efficacy of gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with radiation for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between March 21, 2002, and May 3, 2004, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0211 enrolled 31 and 147 GBM patients in the phase 1 and 2 arms, respectively. Treatment consisted of daily oral gefinitnib started at the time of conventional cranial radiation therapy (RT) and continued post RT for 18 months or until progression. Tissue microarrays from 68 cases were analyzed for EGFR expression.
resultsThe maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of gefitinib was determined to be 500 mg in patients on non-enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant drugs (non-EIAEDs). All patients in the phase 2 component were treated at a gefitinib dose of 500 mg; patients receiving EIADSs could be escalated to 750 mg. The most common side effects of gefitinib in combination with radiation were dermatologic and gastrointestinal. Median survival was 11.5 months for patients treated per protocol. There was no overall survival benefit for patients treated with gefitinib + RT when compared with a historical cohort of patients treated with RT alone, matched by RTOG recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class distribution. Younger age was significantly associated with better outcome. Per protocol stratification, EGFR expression was not found to be of prognostic value for gefitinib + RT-treated patients.
conclusionsThe addition of gefitinib to RT is well tolerated. Median survival of RTOG 0211 patients treated with RT with concurrent and adjuvant gefitinib was similar to that in a historical control cohort treated with radiation alone.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.