ArticleJournal of athletic training
Interleukin-6 responses to water immersion therapy after acute exercise heat stress: a pilot investigation.
Article in Journal of athletic training. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Cold-Water Immersion to Reduce Muscle Damage and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness and Preserve Muscle Power in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes.Journal of athletic training · 2016Trial
- The effect of various cold-water immersion protocols on exercise-induced inflammatory response and functional recovery from high-intensity sprint exercise.European journal of applied physiology · 2014Trial
- One Step Further: Integrating Evidence-Based Guidelines into Practice to Address Environmental Challenges at the Men's 2026 FIFA World Cup.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Impact of cold exposure on shift working seafood handlers in Northern Norway: a comparative analysis across work shifts.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Effect of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin and Irisin on Post-Exercise Inflammatory Response: A Narrative Review.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2024Review
- Highlighting the idea of exerkines in the management of cancer patients with cachexia: novel insights and a critical review.BMC cancer · 2023Review
- Water immersion methods do not alter muscle damage and inflammation biomarkers after high-intensity sprinting and jumping exercise.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Article
- Short-term effects of Finnish sauna bathing on blood-based markers of cardiovascular function in non-naive sauna users.Heart and vessels · 2018Article
- Water immersion for post incident cooling of firefighters; a review of practical fire ground cooling modalities.Extreme physiology & medicine · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextCold-water immersion is the criterion standard for treatment of exertional heat illness. Cryotherapy and water immersion also have been explored as ergogenic or recovery aids. The kinetics of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), during cold-water immersion have not been characterized.
objectiveTo characterize serum IL-6 responses to water immersion at 2 temperatures and, therefore, to initiate further research into the multidimensional benefits of immersion and the evidence-based selection of specific, optimal immersion conditions by athletic trainers.
designControlled laboratory study.
settingHuman performance laboratory Patients or Other Participants: Eight college-aged men (age = 22 ± 3 years, height = 1.76 ± 0.08 m, mass = 77.14 ± 9.77 kg, body fat = 10% ± 3%, and maximal oxygen consumption = 50.48 ± 4.75 mL·kg(-1) min(-1)).
main outcome measuresParticipants were assigned randomly to receive either cold (11.70°C ± 2.02°C, n = 4) or warm (23.50°C ± 1.00°C, n = 4) water-bath conditions after exercise in the heat (temperature = 37°C, relative humidity = 52%) for 90 minutes or until volitional cessation.
resultsWhole-body cooling rates were greater in the cold water-bath condition for the first 6 minutes of water immersion, but during the 90-minute, postexercise recovery, participants in the warm and cold water-bath conditions experienced similar overall whole-body cooling. Heart rate responses were similar for both groups. Participants in the cold water-bath condition experienced an overall slight increase (30.54% ± 77.37%) in IL-6 concentration, and participants in the warm water-bath condition experienced an overall decrease (-69.76% ± 15.23%).
conclusionsWe have provided seed evidence that cold-water immersion is related to subtle IL-6 increases from postexercise values and that warmer water-bath temperatures might dampen this increase. Further research will elucidate any anti-inflammatory benefit associated with water-immersion treatment and possible multidimensional uses of cooling therapies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.