ReviewJournal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia2013
Smoking and breast cancer.
Review in Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to second-hand smoke and breast cancer risk in non-smoking women: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship between tobacco and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.Inhalation toxicology · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Risk Factors for Estrogen Receptor Subtype-Specific Contralateral Breast Cancer in Women Under Age 55 Years.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Reclassifying Menopausal Breast Cancer and Assessing Non-Genetic Risk Factors in Ghanaian Women: Insights from a Cohort Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Impact of Smoking on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Outcomes, An Evidence from Enrichment Analysis of Genes Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility and OutcomesBalkan medical journal · 2025Article
- Article
- DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes as a dual biomarker: Diagnostic and treatment response in woman breast cancer patients.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2025Article
- The global, regional, and national disease burden of breast cancer attributable to tobacco from 1990 to 2019: a global burden of disease study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Opposite trends in incidence of breast cancer in young and old female cohorts in Hungary and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic: a nationwide study between 2011-2020.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Burden of breast cancer and attributable risk factors in the North Africa and Middle East region, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor interaction with G proteins in breast cancer cell proliferation, motility, and calcium signaling.PloS one · 2023Article
- Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Lifetime personal cigarette smoking and risk of young-onset breast cancer by subtype among non-Hispanic Black and White women in the Young Women's Health History Study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Article
- Smoking and Fibrocystic Changes in the Breast: A Case Report of a Lifelong Smoker and Changes in Breast Parenchyma.Cureus · 2022Article
- Smoking, Radiation Therapy, and Contralateral Breast Cancer Risk in Young Women.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Article
- Breast cancer screening knowledge among Hungarian women: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The potential role of smoking in breast cancer risk has been the subject of over 100 publications, numerous scientific reviews, and animated debate. Tobacco exposure is a well-established cause of lung cancer, and is thought to account for nearly one third of all cancer deaths. Tobacco smoke contains thousands of chemicals, many of which are known to be mammary carcinogens. Although not initially thought to be a tobacco-related cancer, over the last several decades evidence has been accumulating on the role of both active smoking and secondhand smoking in the etiology of breast cancer. The human health evidence has been systematically evaluated not only by several independent researchers but also by several expert agency panels including those of the U.S. Surgeon General, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the California Environmental Protection Agency, and a coalition of Canadian health agencies. Although the assessments have varied with time and across reviewers, the most recent weight of the evidence has suggested a potentially casual role for active smoking and breast cancer, particularly for long-term heavy smoking and smoking initiation at an early age. The role of secondhand smoking and breast cancer is less clear, although there has been some suggestion for an increased risk for premenopausal breast cancer. Recent studies evaluating the possible modifying role of polymorphisms in genes involved in the metabolism of tobacco products, particularly NAT2, have contributed another dimension to these assessments, although to date that evidence remains equivocal.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.