ReviewMicrobiology (Reading, England)2013
Pre-existing immunity against vaccine vectors--friend or foe?
Review in Microbiology (Reading, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibody titers of individuals vaccinated for COVID-19: A systematic review.Journal of biosciences · 2023Pooled it
- Advances in preventive vaccine development against HTLV-1 infection: A systematic review of the last 35 years.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and Safety of the COVID-19 Vaccines Compared With Control in Healthy Adults: A Qualitative and Systematic Review.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine prevented lung consolidation following heterologous influenza A virus challenge in pigs.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Recent research progress and clinical status of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Predicting Durable Anti-tumor Immune Responses after Cancer Vaccines.Journal of cancer immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Antiviral Inactivated Vaccines: Looking to the Past to Face the Future-A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Seroprevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies in Healthy Adults, in Mexico, Against Human and Simian Adenovirus Types.Viruses · 2025Article
- Next-generation immunotherapeutic approaches for blood cancers: Exploring the efficacy of CAR-T and cancer vaccines.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Advancing ORFV-Based Therapeutics to the Clinical Stage.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- Single cell RNA sequencing improves the next generation of approaches to AML treatment: challenges and perspectives.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Improving systemic delivery of oncolytic virus by cellular carriers.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Advancements in Nanoparticle-Based Adjuvants for Enhanced Tuberculosis Vaccination: A Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- First-in-Human Phase I Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of an Orf Virus-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Booster.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- T-cell immunity induced and reshaped by an anti-HPV immuno-oncotherapeutic lentiviral vector.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Advancements, challenges, and future perspectives in developing feline herpesvirus 1 as a vaccine vector.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the last century, the successful attenuation of multiple bacterial and viral pathogens has led to an effective, robust and safe form of vaccination. Recently, these vaccines have been evaluated as delivery vectors for heterologous antigens, as a means of simultaneous vaccination against two pathogens. The general consensus from published studies is that these vaccine vectors have the potential to be both safe and efficacious. However, some of the commonly employed vectors, for example Salmonella and adenovirus, often have pre-existing immune responses in the host and this has the potential to modify the subsequent immune response to a vectored antigen. This review examines the literature on this topic, and concludes that for bacterial vectors there can in fact, in some cases, be an enhancement in immunogenicity, typically humoral, while for viral vectors pre-existing immunity is a hindrance for subsequent induction of cell-mediated responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.