ArticleSexually transmitted infections2012
Focusing the HIV response through estimating the major modes of HIV transmission: a multi-country analysis.
Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- HIV epidemiology among female sex workers and their clients in the Middle East and North Africa: systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.BMC medicine · 2019Pooled it
- HIV and the criminalisation of drug use among people who inject drugs: a systematic review.The lancet. HIV · 2017Pooled it
- HIV among people who inject drugs in the Middle East and North Africa: systematic review and data synthesis.PLoS medicine · 2014Pooled it
- The HIV Modes of Transmission model: a systematic review of its findings and adherence to guidelines.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2014Pooled it
- Identifying priority populations for HIV interventions using acquisition and transmission indicators: a combined analysis of 15 mathematical models from ten African countries.The lancet. HIV · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Virology and Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Infections: Implications for Public Health and Treatment Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Costs and cost drivers of comprehensive sexual reproductive health services to female sex workers in Kenya.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Interest in I-PrEP and Willingness to Participate in Clinical Trials Among Men and Transfeminine Persons Who have Sex with Men in Sub-Saharan Africa: Quantitative and Qualitative Findings from HPTN 075.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparison of Empirically Derived and Model-Based Estimates of Key Population HIV Incidence and the Distribution of New Infections by Population Group in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2024Article
- Quantifying rates of HIV-1 flow between risk groups and geographic locations in Kenya: A country-wide phylogenetic study.Virus evolution · 2022Article
- Spatial and Temporal Trends in HIV/AIDS Burden Among Worldwide Regions From 1990 to 2019: A Secondary Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Factors associated with unsafe sexual behavior among sexually active Chinese University students, Hebei Province, 2019.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Estimating the epidemic consequences of HIV prevention gaps among key populations.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Neurocognitive Complications of HIV Infection in Low-Income Countries.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- HIV understanding, experiences and perceptions of HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Amazonian Peru: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Predictors of lost to follow-up in a "test and treat" programme among adult women with high-risk sexual behavior in Kampala, Uganda.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Prevalence and characteristics of HIV infection among female sex workers in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Article
- Acceptability of oral HIV self-testing among female sex workers in Gaborone, Botswana.PloS one · 2020Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveAn increasing number of countries have been estimating the distribution of new adult HIV infections by modes of transmission (MOT) to help prioritise prevention efforts. We compare results from studies conducted between 2008 and 2012 and discuss their use for planning and responding to the HIV epidemic.
methodsThe UNAIDS recommended MOT model helps countries to estimate the proportion of new HIV infections that occur through key transmission modes including sex work, injecting drug use (IDU), men having sex with men (MSM), multiple sexual partnerships, stable relationships and medical interventions. The model typically forms part of a country-led process that includes a comprehensive review of epidemiological data. Recent revisions to the model are described.
resultsModelling results from 25 countries show large variation between and within regions. In sub-Saharan Africa, new infections occur largely in the general heterosexual population because of multiple partnerships or in stable discordant relationships, while sex work contributes significantly to new infections in West Africa. IDU and sex work are the main contributors to new infections in the Middle East and North Africa, with MSM the main contributor in Latin America. Patterns vary substantially between countries in Eastern Europe and Asia in terms of the relative contribution of sex work, MSM, IDU and spousal transmission.
conclusionsThe MOT modelling results, comprehensive review and critical assessment of data in a country can contribute to a more strategically focused HIV response. To strengthen this type of research, improved epidemiological and behavioural data by risk population are needed.
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