Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23171696›Full record

ReviewJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2013

Single treatments that have lasting effects: some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin.

Simon N Young

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. A Critical View on New and Future Antidepressants.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Antidepressant effects of botulinum toxin A: scientific rationale.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2013
    Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Simon N YoungDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. simon.young@mcgill.ca

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent clinical trials suggest that 3 single biological treatments have effects that persist. Based on research showing that the muscles involved in facial expressions can feed back to influence mood, a single trial diminishing glabella frown lines with botulinum toxin demonstrated a significant antidepressant effect for 16 weeks. Based primarily on research with animal models of depression suggesting that glutamate may be involved in depression, the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine has been tested in several trials. A single dose decreased depression for up to a week. The reported effects of the use of mushrooms containing psilocybin by a number of cultures around the world has stimulated several trials showing beneficial effects of a single dose of psilocybin for over a year in healthy people, and for up to 3 months in patients with anxiety disorders who have advanced cancer. This article discusses these studies, their rationale, their possible mechanisms of action, the future clinical research required to establish these therapies and the basic research required to optimize single treatments that have lasting effects.

Indexed as

AffectAnesthetics, DissociativeAnimalsAnti-Anxiety AgentsAnti-Dyskinesia AgentsAnxiety DisordersAttitudeBehaviorBotulinum ToxinsDepressive DisorderFacial ExpressionHallucinogensHumansKetaminePlacebo EffectPsilocybinAnesthetics, DissociativeAnti-Anxiety AgentsAnti-Dyskinesia AgentsBotulinum ToxinsHallucinogensKetaminePsilocybin

Identifiers

PMID23171696
PMCPMC3581595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.