ArticleRespiratory research2012
The association of down-regulated toll-like receptor 4 expression with airflow limitation and emphysema in smokers.
Article in Respiratory research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease before and after lung transplantation.Immunologic research · 2024Article
- Involvement of the Innate Immune System in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Role of Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Review
- Pre-Treatment with Ten-Minute Carbon Dioxide Inhalation Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury in Mice via Down-Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Endothelial toll-like receptor 4 maintains lung integrity via epigenetic suppression of p16Aging cell · 2019Article
- Holding the Inflammatory System in Check: TLRs and Their Targeted Therapy in Asthma.Mediators of inflammation · 2016Review
- Molecular Regulation of Toll-like Receptors in Asthma and COPD.Frontiers in physiology · 2015Review
- Prospective CT screening for lung cancer in a high-risk population: HIV-positive smokers.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2014Observational
- Role of infections.Clinics in chest medicine · 2014Review
- Non-essential role for TLR2 and its signaling adaptor Mal/TIRAP in preserving normal lung architecture in mice.PloS one · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn association between innate immunity including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and COPD is reported recently; TLR4 deficiency in lung can cause emphysema in animals, which is not evident in humans. We analyzed the association of TLR4 expression, airflow limitation and emphysema in smokers.
methodsWe enrolled patients of ≥40years old with smoking histories of ≥10 pack-years and who had undergone lung resection. We measured TLR4 expression in lung lysates. The severity of emphysema was evaluated on computed tomography. TLR4 expression was also evaluated immunohistochemically.
resultsIn total, 53 patients were enrolled. Forced expiratory volume in one second per forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) increased (P=0.03) and emphysema score decreased (P=0.01) as TLR4 expression increased. These were still significant, in multiple regression analysis including sex, age, tuberculosis history, smoking history and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) usage. We also classified patients as high, intermediate, and low expressers according to TLR4 expression. Although no differences in age, gender, tuberculosis, or smoking history were observed among the groups, emphysema severity increased significantly (P = 0.02) and FEV1/FVC decreased significantly (P = 0.006) in TLR4 low expresser. The difference in TLR4 expression based on immunohistochemistry was most prominent in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells.
conclusionDown-regulated TLR4 expression in lung was associated with emphysema and airflow limitation in smokers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.