ArticleOncoimmunology2012
Single low-dose cyclophosphamide combined with interleukin-12 gene therapy is superior to a metronomic schedule in inducing immunity against colorectal carcinoma in mice.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metronomic chemotherapy: bridging theory to clinical application in canine and feline oncology.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Colorectal Cancer-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells: Functional Heterogeneity, Metabolic Adaptation, and Therapeutic Targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Low Dose Cyclophosphamide Modulates Tumor Microenvironment by TGF-β Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- T-cell Homing Therapy for Reducing Regulatory T Cells and Preserving Effector T-cell Function in Large Solid Tumors.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018Article
- Immunogenic chemotherapy: Dose and schedule dependence and combination with immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2018Review
- CpG-1826 immunotherapy potentiates chemotherapeutic and anti-tumor immune responses to metronomic cyclophosphamide in a preclinical glioma model.Cancer letters · 2016Article
- Trial Watch-Oncolytic viruses and cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2016Review
- SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) knockdown protects mice from acute liver injury by reducing vascular endothelial cell damage.Gene therapy · 2015Article
- Metronomics: towards personalized chemotherapy?Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2014Review
- Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for cancer therapy.Molecular & cellular oncology · 2014Review
- Immunological suppression of head and neck carcinoma by dendritic cell tumor fusion vaccine.Oncology letters · 2013Article
- Review
- Current trends of anticancer immunochemotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2013Article
- Antitumor effects of L-BLP25 antigen-specific tumor immunotherapy in a novel human MUC1 transgenic lung cancer mouse model.Journal of translational medicine · 2013Article
- Trial watch: Chemotherapy with immunogenic cell death inducers.Oncoimmunology · 2013Article
- Chemoimmunotherapy for advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas: A successful combination of gene therapy and cyclophosphamide.Oncoimmunology · 2012Article
- Trial Watch:: Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy.OncoimmunologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of conventional cytotoxic agents at metronomic schedules, alone or in combination with targeted agents or immunotherapy, is being explored as a promising anticancer strategy. We previously reported a potent antitumor effect of a single low-dose cyclophosphamide and interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene therapy against advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma, in mice. Here, we assessed whether the delivery of IL-12 by gene therapy together with metronomic cyclophosphamide exerts antitumor effects in a murine model of colorectal carcinoma. This combination therapy was able, at least in part, to reverse immunosuppression, by decreasing the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as of splenic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). However, metronomic cyclophosphamide plus IL-12 gene therapy failed to increase the number of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, more importantly, to induce a specific antitumor immune response. With respect to this, cyclophosphamide at a single low dose displayed a superior anticancer profile than the same drug given at a metronomic schedule. Our results may have important implications in the design of new therapeutic strategies against colorectal carcinoma using cyclophosphamide in combination with immunotherapy.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.