Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23167511›Full record

ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2013

Smoking cessation in pregnant women with mental disorders: a cohort and nested qualitative study.

L M Howard, D Bekele, M Rowe, J Demilew, S Bewley, T M Marteau

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  12. Healthcare professionals' experiences of supporting pregnant women with mental illness with their smoking behaviors: a qualitative study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
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  15. Maternal mental disorders and neonatal outcomes: Danish population-based cohort study.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025
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  20. Interest in and Use of Smoking Cessation Support Across Pregnancy and Postpartum.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

L M HowardPO31 Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. louise.howard@kcl.ac.uk
D Bekele
M Rowe
J Demilew
S Bewley
T M Marteau

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate whether 1) pregnant smokers with mental disorders are less likely to accept referrals to smoking cessation services compared with pregnant smokers without disorders; 2) they experience specific barriers to smoking cessation.

designCohort study supplemented by cross-sectional survey and nested qualitative study.

settingThree maternity services, London, UK. POPULATION: Pregnant smokers with and without mental disorders.

methodsCase notes were examined on a cohort of 400 consecutive pregnant smokers; data were triangulated with routinely collected data on 845 pregnant smokers at two other sites; 27 pregnant smokers were interviewed using qualitative methods.

main outcome measuresAcceptance of referral to smoking cessation services; perceived barriers to quitting.

resultsPregnant smokers with a mental disorder recorded by midwives were one-quarter of the cohort (97, 23%), were more likely to accept referral to smoking cessation services (69% versus 56%, adjusted odds ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.03-2.79), but more likely to still smoke at delivery (69% versus 56%, adjusted odds ratio 2.63, 95% confidence interval 1.41-4.92). Discussion about smoking was documented in 7.7% of subsequent antenatal visits in women with or without mental disorders. Pregnant smokers with diagnosed mental disorders reported that they and health practitioners did not prioritise smoking advice because of concern about adversely impacting mental health.

conclusionsPregnant women with mental disorders appear more motivated, yet find it more difficult, to stop smoking. Prioritisation of mental health over smoking may therefore lead to increasing health inequality for this group. Research into effective smoking cessation interventions is required for those with mental disorders.

Indexed as

AdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMarital StatusMental DisordersPatient Acceptance of Health CarePregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal CareReferral and ConsultationSmokingSmoking CessationSocioeconomic Factors

Identifiers

PMID23167511
PMCPMC3638317

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.