ArticlePloS one2012
Activated human T cells secrete exosomes that participate in IL-2 mediated immune response signaling.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hit the bull's eye: Engineered extracellular vesicles for targeted therapy.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Exosome-Mediated Intercellular Communication in the Pathological Processes of Gouty Arthritis and Its Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicle Properties and Functions Are Defined by the Originating Cell's Fitness Status.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Exosomal nanocarriers of immune fate: molecular insights into cancer immunity, pathogen defense, and emerging immunotherapies.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- Research progress on the roles of extracellular vesicles in tumor immunity and drug resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles in Emerging Cancer Vaccine Platforms.Small science · 2025Review
- T cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer-immune interactions.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- Engineering CAR-T Therapeutics for Enhanced Solid Tumor Targeting.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Exosomes in infectious diseases: insights into leishmaniasis pathogenesis, immune modulation, and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Immune Activation in Solid Organ Transplantation: The Impact of Immunosuppression.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Secretory exosomes from modified immune cells against cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in tumor immunity: mechanisms and novel insights.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Roles for Exosomes in the Pathogenesis, Drug Delivery and Therapy of Psoriasis.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Prospect of extracellular vesicles in tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The antitumor effect of extracellular vesicles derived from cytokine-activated CD8+ T cells.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- MicroRNAs are enriched at COVID-19 genomic risk regions, and their blood levels correlate with the COVID-19 prognosis of cancer patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
- Signature Proteins in Small Extracellular Vesicles of Granulocytes and CD4International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Exogenous modification of EL-4 T cell extracellular vesicles with miR-155 induce macrophage into M1-type polarization.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has previously been shown that nano-meter sized vesicles (30-100 nm), exosomes, secreted by antigen presenting cells can induce T cell responses thus showing the potential of exosomes to be used as immunological tools. Additionally, activated CD3⁺ T cells can secrete exosomes that have the ability to modulate different immunological responses. Here, we investigated what effects exosomes originating from activated CD3⁺ T cells have on resting CD3⁺ T cells by studying T cell proliferation, cytokine production and by performing T cell and exosome phenotype characterization. Human exosomes were generated in vitro following CD3⁺ T cell stimulation with anti-CD28, anti-CD3 and IL-2. Our results show that exosomes purified from stimulated CD3⁺ T cells together with IL-2 were able to generate proliferation in autologous resting CD3⁺ T cells. The CD3⁺ T cells stimulated with exosomes together with IL-2 had a higher proportion of CD8⁺ T cells and had a different cytokine profile compared to controls. These results indicate that activated CD3⁺ T cells communicate with resting autologous T cells via exosomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.