ArticleBMJ open2012
Risk factors for stress fracture in female endurance athletes: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone Quality in Competitive Athletes: A Systematic Review.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2023Pooled it
- Geometric and "True" Densitometric Characteristics of Bones in Athletes with Stress Fracture and Menstrual Disturbances: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Pooled it
- Hip structural analysis in adolescent and young adult oligoamenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes and nonathletes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Trial
- Article
- The Natural History of Bone Stress Injuries in Athletes: From Inception to Resolution.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Medical, subjective and objective forms of exercise dependence and the role of learning, cognitive and emotional biases.Journal of health psychology · 2025Article
- Bone Health and Physical Activity - The Complex Mechanism.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Review
- The Association Between Menstrual Cycle Phase, Menstrual Irregularities, Contraceptive Use and Musculoskeletal Injury Among Female Athletes: A Scoping Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Increased Incidence of Upper Extremity Soft Tissue Injuries and Orthopaedic Surgeries in Patients with Eating Disorders.The Iowa orthopaedic journal · 2023Article
- Stress fractures.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Menstrual Irregularity, Hormonal Contraceptive Use, and Bone Stress Injuries in Collegiate Female Athletes in the United States.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Simultaneous bilateral posteromedial tibial epiphysis stress fractures in a healthy young man: A case report.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2021Article
- Stress fractures in uncommon location: Six case reports and review of the literature.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Article
- Prophylaxis of Pain and Fractures within Feet in the Course of Osteoporosis: The Issue of Diagnosing.Pain research & management · 2020Review
- A case-control pilot study of stress fracture in adolescent girls: the discriminative ability of two imaging technologies to classify at-risk athletes.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2019Article
- Association between stress fracture incidence and predicted body fat in United States Army Basic Combat Training recruits.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2018Article
- Low Energy Availability in Athletes: A Review of Prevalence, Dietary Patterns, Physiological Health, and Sports Performance.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Review
- Food Versus Pharmacy: Assessment of Nutritional and Pharmacological Strategies to Improve Bone Health in Energy-Deficient Exercising Women.Current osteoporosis reports · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify psychological and physiological correlates of stress fracture in female endurance athletes.
designA cross-sectional design was used with a history of stress fractures and potential risk factors assessed at one visit.
methodsFemale-endurance athletes (58 runners and 12 triathletes) aged 26.0±7.4 years completed questionnaires on stress fracture history, menstrual history, athletic training, eating psychopathology and exercise cognitions. Bone mineral density, body fat content and lower leg lean tissue mass (LLLTM) were assessed using dual-x-ray absorptiometry. Variables were compared between athletes with a history of stress fracture (SF) and those without (controls; C) using χ², analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U tests.
resultsNineteen (27%) athletes had previously been clinically diagnosed with SFs. The prevalence of current a/oligomenorrhoea and past amenorrhoea was higher in SF than C (p=0.008 and p=0.035, respectively). SF recorded higher global scores on the eating disorder examination questionnaire (p=0.049) and compulsive exercise test (p=0.006) and had higher LLLTM (p=0.029) compared to C. These findings persisted with weight and height as covariates. In multivariate logistic regression, compulsive exercise, amenorrhoea and LLLTM were significant independent predictors of SF history (p=0.006, 0.009 and 0.035, respectively).
conclusionsEating psychopathology was associated with increased risk of SF in endurance athletes, but this may be mediated by menstrual dysfunction and compulsive exercise. Compulsive exercise, as well as amenorrhoea, is independently related to SF risk.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.