SynthesisCurrent medicinal chemistry2013
Volumetric changes in the basal ganglia after antipsychotic monotherapy: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Current medicinal chemistry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychotropic medications and their interactions with subcortical brain volume in bipolar disorder: An ENIGMA mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Brain-imaging studies of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Neuroimaging findings in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A systematic review: Lack of neuroimaging correlates of treatment-resistant schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2015Pooled it
- Associations between glutamate and cerebral blood flow in treatment-resistant schizophrenia during clozapine treatment.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Subtyping schizophrenia via machine learning by using structural neuroimaging.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Subcortical volume alteration and correlation with social function under chlorpromazine versus clozapine treatment in schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- MRI-based insights into brain structural and functional alterations in schizophrenia treated with risperidone.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Antipsychotics and structural brain changes: could treatment adherence explain the discrepant findings?Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Subcortical volume reduction and cortical thinning 3 months after switching to clozapine in treatment resistant schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Association of Temporolimbic Volumes with Treatment Response to Antipsychotic Medication for Delusion in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.Alpha psychiatry · 2021Article
- The Effects of Antipsychotic Treatment on the Brain of Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Selective Review of Longitudinal MRI Studies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Brain gray matter differences among forensic psychiatric patients with psychosis and incarcerated individuals without psychosis: A source-based morphometry study.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Article
- Numerical density of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in the anterior putamen in major psychiatric disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2020Article
- Striatal Volume Increase After Six Weeks of Selective Dopamine DFrontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Evidence for Decreased Density of Calretinin-Immunopositive Neurons in the Caudate Nucleus in Patients With Schizophrenia.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2020Article
- Identification of a Serotonin 2A Receptor Subtype of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders With Pimavanserin: The Sub-Sero Proof-of-Concept Trial Protocol.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Brain findings associated with risperidone in rhesus monkeys: magnetic resonance imaging and pathology perspectives.Journal of toxicologic pathology · 2019Article
- Age-Related Reduction in Cortical Thickness in First-Episode Treatment-Naïve Patients with Schizophrenia.Neuroscience bulletin · 2019Article
- Polygenic Risk Score for Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated With Ch4 Volume in Normal Subjects.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- The Effects of Antipsychotic Treatment on Presynaptic Dopamine Synthesis Capacity in First-Episode Psychosis: A Positron Emission Tomography Study.Biological psychiatry · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionExposure to antipsychotic medication has been extensively associated with structural brain changes in the basal ganglia (BG). Traditionally antipsychotics have been divided into first and second generation antipsychotics (FGAs and SGAs) however, the validity of this classification has become increasingly controversial. To address if specific antipsychotics induce differential effects on BG volumes or whether volumetric effects are explained by FGA or SGA classification, we reviewed longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies investigating effects of antipsychotic monotherapy. MATERIAL AND
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed for longitudinal MRI studies of patients with schizophrenia or non-affective psychosis who had undergone a period of antipsychotic monotherapy. We used specific, predefined search terms and extracted studies were hand searched for additional studies.
resultsWe identified 13 studies published in the period from 1996 to 2011. Overall six compounds (two classified as FGAs and four as SGAs) have been investigated: haloperidol, zuclophentixol, risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, and quetiapine. The follow-up period ranged from 3-24 months. Unexpectedly, no studies found that specific FGAs induce significant BG volume increases. Conversely, both volumetric increases and decreases in the BG have been associated with SGA monotherapy. DISCUSSION: Induction of striatal volume increases is not a specific feature of FGAs. Except for clozapine treatment in chronic patients, volume reductions are not restricted to specific SGAs. The current review adds brain structural support to the notion that antipsychotics should no longer be classified as either FGAs or SGAs. Future clinical MRI studies should strive to elucidate effects of specific antipsychotic drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.