Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23152742›Full record

ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2012

Drug interactions--principles, examples and clinical consequences.

Ingolf Cascorbi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Dammarolic acid improves tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity in lung cancer cells.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Phenoconversion andHepatology forum · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Communications in statistics: theory and methods · 2024
    Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Ingolf CascorbiInstitute of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel. cascorbi@pharmakologie.uni-kiel.de

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDrug interactions can have desired, reduced or unwanted effects. The probability of interactions increases with the number of drugs taken. The high rate of prescribed drugs in elderly patients (65-year-old patients take an average of 5 drugs) increases the likelihood of drug interactions and thus the risk that drugs themselves can be the cause of hospitalization. According to meta-analyses, up to 7% of hospitalizations are drug-related.

methodsSelective literature review.

resultsDrug interactions occur on pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels. Examples of pharmacodynamic interactions are simultaneous administration of a NSAID and phenprocoumon (additive interaction), or of aspirin and ibuprofen (antagonistic interaction). Pharmacokinetic interactions occur at the levels of absorption (e.g., levothyroxine and neutralizing antacids), elimination (e.g., digoxin and macrolides), and metabolism, as in the competition for cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., SSRIs and certain beta-blockers).

conclusionThe systematic knowledge of drug interaction, in particular on the level of absorption, elimination, transport and drug metabolism may help to prevent adverse effects. Predicting pharmacodynamic interactions often demands a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of effect. Electronic prescribing systems are helpful.

Indexed as

Drug InteractionsDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsHumansPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID23152742
PMCPMC3444856

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.