SynthesisPloS one2012
Gamma-glutamyltransferase level and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of sarcopenia-related clinical indices for early disease progression in acute pancreatitis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase Level Is Associated with the Development of Hypertension in Alcohol Infrequent Drinkers but Not in Frequent Drinkers.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Legacy, alternative, and precursor PFAS and associations with lipids and liver function biomarkers: results from a cross-sectional analysis of adult females in the MIREC-ENDO study.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Association of GGT and hs-CRP with hypertension across different glycemic states in Saudi adults: A cross-sectional study.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Can Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Predict All-Cause Mortality in Hypertensive Patients?Cureus · 2024Article
- Validation of Estimated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration in a Japanese General Population.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Article
- Relationship between traditional risk factors for hypertension and systolic blood pressure in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Association between liver enzymes and type 2 diabetes: a real-world study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Investigating the relationship between liver enzymes and incidence of hypertension: A population-based cohort study in Kharameh, a city in the South of Iran.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Liver-function parameters are associated with incident hypertension in a large Taiwanese population follow-up study.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- Obese Vegetarians and Omnivores Show Different Metabolic Changes: Analysis of 1340 Individuals.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Liver enzymes and risk of ocular motor cranial nerve palsy: a nationwide population-based study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Big and Free Fractions of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase: New Diagnostic Biomarkers for Malignant Mesothelioma?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Associations Between GGT/HDL and MAFLD: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- Quantitative analysis of γ-glutamylisoleucine, γ-glutamylthreonine, and γ-glutamylvaline in HeLa cells using UHPLC-MS/MS.Journal of separation science · 2021Article
- Associations of gamma-glutamyl transferase with cardio-metabolic diseases in people living with HIV infection in South Africa.PloS one · 2021Article
- The association between hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors among non-diabetic Saudis adults-A cross sectional study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Alcohol consumption, hypertension and obesity: Relationship patterns along different age groups in Uganda.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- The Associations between Liver Enzymes and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults with Mild Dyslipidemia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Daily Alcohol Consumption, and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Kansai Healthcare Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral prospective observational studies suggest that gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) level is positively associated with risk of hypertension. However, these studies draw inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the exact association between GGT level and subsequent development of hypertension.
methodsWe searched Pubmed, Embase, and Science Citation Index (ISI Web of Science) for prospective cohort studies examining the association between GGT level and hypertension. Then, pooled effect estimates (RRs) for the association between GGT level and hypertension were calculated.
resultsA total of 13 prospective cohort studies including 43314 participants and 5280 cases of hypertension were included. The pooled RR of hypertension was 1.94(95%CI: 1.55-2.43; P<0.001) when comparing the risk of hypertension between the highest versus lowest category of GGT levels. Moreover, the risk of hypertension increased by 23% (summary RR: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.13-1.32; P<0.001) per 1 SD logGGT increment. Subgroup analyses showed significant positive associations in each subgroup except in ≧160/95 subgroup (RR: 2.56, 95%CI: 0.87-7.54; P = 0.088) and nondrinkers subgroup (RR: 1.76, 95%CI: 0.88-3.53; P = 0.113). Sensitivity analyses showed no single study significantly affects the pooled RRs. No publication bias was found in our meta-analysis.
conclusionsGGT level is positively associated with the development of hypertension. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and elucidate the exact mechanisms between GGT level and the incidence of hypertension.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.