ReviewVeterinary immunology and immunopathology2013
Type II heat-labile enterotoxins: structure, function, and immunomodulatory properties.
Review in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Circular Permutation of theACS omega · 2026Article
- Article
- The diverse landscape of AB5-type toxins.Engineering microbiology · 2023Review
- Characterization of the ganglioside recognition profile of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin LT-IIc.Glycobiology · 2022Article
- Adjuvants: Engineering Protective Immune Responses in Human and Veterinary Vaccines.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Comprehensive mapping of the cell response to E. coli infection in porcine intestinal epithelial cells pretreated with exopolysaccharide derived from Lactobacillus reuteri.Veterinary research · 2020Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Hemagglutinin Fused with the A Subunit of Type IIbVaccines · 2019Article
- Biological Toxins as the Potential Tools for Bioterrorism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Review of Newly Identified Functions Associated With the Heat-Labile Toxin of EnterotoxigenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- LT-IIc, A Bacterial Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxin, Induces Specific Lethality in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Modulation of Autophagy and Induction of Apoptosis and Necroptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Expression and Regulation of Cholecystokinin Receptor in the Chicken's Immune Organs and Cells.Journal of clinical & cellular immunology · 2016Article
- Comparative Adjuvant Effects of Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxins in Combination with Two Different Candidate Ricin Toxin Vaccine Antigens.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The heat-labile enterotoxins (HLTs) of Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae are classified into two major types on the basis of genetic, biochemical, and immunological properties. Type I and Type II HLT have been intensively studied for their exceptionally strong adjuvant activities. Despite general structural similarities, these molecules, in intact or derivative (non-toxic) forms, display notable differences in their mode of immunomodulatory action. The molecular basis of these differences has remained largely uncharacterized until recently. This review focuses on the Type II HLTs and their immunomodulatory properties which depend largely on interactions with unique gangliosides and Toll-like receptors that are not utilized by the Type I HLTs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.