Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23135713›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2013

HIV-1 resistance to maraviroc conferred by a CD4 binding site mutation in the envelope glycoprotein gp120.

Annette N Ratcliff, Wuxian Shi, Eric J Arts

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. SHIV fights back to evade destruction by eCD4-Ig but not without suffering debilitating wounds.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Annette N RatcliffDepartment of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Wuxian Shi
Eric J Arts
Case Western Reserve University · US

Funding

WG3: HIV, Co-infections and Co-morbiditiesP30AI036219 · NIAID · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI Alan David Levine · 1994 to 2026
$50.0M
Impact of HIV-1 Fitness on Disease ProgressionR01AI049170 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO · PI ARTS, ERIC J · 2002 to 2024
$6.8M
HIV-1 Fitness and RecombinationR56AI049170 · NIAID · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI ARTS, ERIC J · 2012 to 2012
$400k
Impact of HIV-1 Fitness on Disease ProgressionR21AI049170 · NIAID · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI ARTS, ERIC J · 2001 to 2001
$265k
NIAID NIH HHS AI36219NIAID NIH HHS AI49170NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036219NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI049170NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI049170NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI049170
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Maraviroc (MVC) is a CCR5 antagonist that inhibits HIV-1 entry by binding to the coreceptor and inducing structural alterations in the extracellular loops. In this study, we isolated MVC-resistant variants from an HIV-1 primary isolate that arose after 21 weeks of tissue culture passage in the presence of inhibitor. gp120 sequences from passage control and MVC-resistant cultures were cloned into NL4-3 via yeast-based recombination followed by sequencing and drug susceptibility testing. Using 140 clones, three mutations were linked to MVC resistance, but none appeared in the V3 loop as was the case with previous HIV-1 strains resistant to CCR5 antagonists. Rather, resistance was dependent upon a single mutation in the C4 region of gp120. Chimeric clones bearing this N425K mutation replicated at high MVC concentrations and displayed significant shifts in 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s), characteristic of resistance to all other antiretroviral drugs but not typical of MVC resistance. Previous reports on MVC resistance describe an ability to use a drug-bound form of the receptor, leading to reduction in maximal drug inhibition. In contrast, our structural models on K425 gp120 suggest that this resistant mutation impacts CD4 interactions and highlights a novel pathway for MVC resistance.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, ViralMutation, MissenseAnti-HIV AgentsCyclohexanesDNA Mutational AnalysisHIV-1HIV Envelope Protein gp120HumansMaravirocMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Sequence DataSequence Analysis, DNASerial PassageTriazolesVirus CultivationAnti-HIV AgentsCyclohexanesgp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1HIV Envelope Protein gp120MaravirocTriazoles

Identifiers

PMID23135713
PMCPMC3554087
OpenAlexW2097434562

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.