ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2012
Calcium intake is not associated with increased coronary artery calcification: the Framingham Study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Calcium and vitamin D supplementation and loss of bone mineral density in women undergoing breast cancer therapy.Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2013Pooled it
- Supplements for bone health.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
- From Cells to Plaques: The Molecular Pathways of Coronary Artery Calcification and Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Associations of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus With Vascular and Valvular Calcification: The ARIC Study.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Association between serum calcium level and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Associations between bone mineral density and coronary artery calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2022Article
- Gut Microbiome, Functional Food, Atherosclerosis, and Vascular Calcifications-Is There a Missing Link?Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Lower Leg Arterial Calcifications Assessed by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Hypoparathyroid and Pseudohypoparathyroid Patients.Calcified tissue international · 2021Article
- Review
- Coronary Atherosclerosis in Masters Athletes: Mechanisms and Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2019Review
- Association between Dietary Intake and Coronary Artery Calcification in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: The PROGREDIR Study.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Calcium Intake From Diet and Supplements and the Risk of Coronary Artery Calcification and its Progression Among Older Adults: 10-Year Follow-up of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Article
- The association of calcium supplementation and incident cardiovascular events in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2016Article
- Effect of High-Calcium Diet on Coronary Artery Disease in Ossabaw Miniature Swine With Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2015Article
- Lack of association of oral calcium supplementation with coronary artery calcification in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2015Article
- Dietary calcium and Framingham Risk Score in vitamin D deficient male (KNHANES 2009-2011).Yonsei medical journal · 2015Article
- A review of the effect of diet on cardiovascular calcification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- Cross-sectional analysis of calcium intake for associations with vascular calcification and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes Heart Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Article
- Controversy regarding the association of high calcium intake and increased risk for cardiovascular disease.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2014Article
- Calcium supplementation: is protecting against osteoporosis counter to protecting against cardiovascular disease?Current osteoporosis reports · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdequate calcium intake is known to protect the skeleton. However, studies that have reported adverse effects of calcium supplementation on vascular events have raised widespread concern.
objectiveWe assessed the association between calcium intake (from diet and supplements) and coronary artery calcification, which is a measure of atherosclerosis that predicts risk of ischemic heart disease independent of other risk factors.
designThis was an observational, prospective cohort study. Participants included 690 women and 588 men in the Framingham Offspring Study (mean age: 60 y; range: 36-83 y) who attended clinic visits and completed food-frequency questionnaires in 1998-2001 and underwent computed tomography scans 4 y later in 2002-2005.
resultsThe mean age-adjusted coronary artery-calcification Agatston score decreased with increasing total calcium intake, and the trend was not significant after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, vitamin D-supplement use, energy intake, and, for women, menopause status and estrogen use. Multivariable-adjusted mean Agatston scores were 2.36, 2.52, 2.16, and 2.39 (P-trend = 0.74) with an increasing quartile of total calcium intake in women and 4.32, 4.39, 4.19, and 4.37 (P-trend = 0.94) in men, respectively. Results were similar for dietary calcium and calcium supplement use.
conclusionsOur study does not support the hypothesis that high calcium intake increases coronary artery calcification, which is an important measure of atherosclerosis burden. The evidence is not sufficient to modify current recommendations for calcium intake to protect skeletal health with respect to vascular calcification risk.
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