ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2012
Human beta-defensin 3 is up-regulated in cutaneous leprosy type 1 reactions.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy With Type 1 Reaction: A Challenging Diagnostic Case.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Leprosy: treatment, prevention, immune response and gene function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Decreased salivary beta-defensin 2 in children with asthma after treatment with corticosteroid inhaler.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2023Article
- Gene Expression of Human Beta-Defensin-3 and Cathelicidin in the Skin of Leprosy Patients, Household Contacts, and Healthy Individuals from Indonesia.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Autophagy as a Target for Drug Development Of Skin Infection Caused by Mycobacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Potential Role of CXCL10 in Monitoring Response to Treatment in Leprosy Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Topical Aminosalicylic Acid Improves Keratinocyte Differentiation in an Inducible Mouse Model of Harlequin Ichthyosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2020Article
- Advances in the Immunology and Genetics of Leprosy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Microdeletion on chromosome 8p23.1 in a familial form of severe Buruli ulcer.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Innate Immune Responses in Leprosy.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- The Potential Use of Natural and Structural Analogues of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Fight against Neglected Tropical Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Review
- Leprosy in the 21st century.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2015Review
- Longitudinal immune responses and gene expression profiles in type 1 leprosy reactions.Journal of clinical immunology · 2014Article
- The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Glycerol-supplemented ProbioticContemporary clinical dentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease affecting the skin and nerves, is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). The type of leprosy developed depends upon the host immune response. Type 1 reactions (T1Rs), that complicate borderline and lepromatous leprosy, are due to an increase in cell-mediated immunity and manifest as nerve damage and skin inflammation. Owing to the increase in inflammation in the skin of patients with T1Rs, we sought to investigate the activation of the innate immune system during reactionary events. Specifically, we investigated the expression levels of human beta-defensins (hBDs) 2 and 3 in the skin of patients with T1Rs, in keratinocytes, and in macrophages stimulated with M. leprae and corticosteroids.
resultsSkin biopsies from twenty-three patients with Type 1 reactions were found to have higher transcript levels of hBD3 as compared to fifteen leprosy patients without Type 1 reactions, as measured by qPCR. Moreover, we observed that keratinocytes but not macrophages up-regulated hBD2 and hBD3 in response to M. leprae stimulation in vitro. Corticosteroid treatment of patients with T1Rs caused a suppression of hBD2 and hBD3 in skin biopsies, as measured by qPCR. In vitro, corticosteroids suppressed M. leprae-dependent induction of hBD2 and hBD3 in keratinocytes.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates that hBD3 is induced in leprosy Type 1 Reactions and suppressed by corticosteroids. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that keratinocytes are responsive to M. leprae and lend support for additional studies on keratinocyte innate immunity in leprosy and T1Rs.
trial registrationControlled-Trials.com ISRCTN31894035.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.