ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Background-dependent effects of polyglutamine variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana gene ELF3.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the nanostructure characterization of biological hydrogels formed by the prion-like domain of EARLY FLOWERING 3.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2026Article
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- Short CAG repeat variation as a regulatory factor in health and disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Simple sequence repeats and their expansions: role in plant development, environmental response and adaptation.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Sensitivity to Photoperiod Is a Complex Trait inPlant direct · 2025Article
- Tracing the Evolutionary History of the Temperature-Sensing Prion-like Domain in EARLY FLOWERING 3 Highlights the Uniqueness of AtELF3.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Phase separation and molecular ordering of the prion-like domain of the Arabidopsis thermosensory protein EARLY FLOWERING 3.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
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- The evening complex promotes maize flowering and adaptation to temperate regions.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Design, execution, and interpretation of plant RNA-seq analyses.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Cellular localization of Arabidopsis EARLY FLOWERING3 is responsive to light quality.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- The Pomegranate Deciduous Trait Is Genetically Controlled by aFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Macroscopic variation in Arabidopsis mutants despite stomatal uniformity across soil nutrient environments.Genetica · 2021Article
- XBAT31 regulates thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth through mediating degradation of the thermosensor ELF3 inScience advances · 2021Article
- Intrinsic disorder is an essential characteristic of components in the conserved circadian circuit.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2020Review
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- Molecular mechanisms of Evening Complex activity inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tandem repeats (TRs) have extremely high mutation rates and are often considered to be neutrally evolving DNA. However, in coding regions, TR copy number mutations can significantly affect phenotype and may facilitate rapid adaptation to new environments. In several human genes, TR copy number mutations that expand polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts beyond a certain threshold cause incurable neurodegenerative diseases. PolyQ-containing proteins exist at a considerable frequency in eukaryotes, yet the phenotypic consequences of natural variation in polyQ tracts that are not associated with disease remain largely unknown. Here, we use Arabidopsis thaliana to dissect the phenotypic consequences of natural variation in the polyQ tract encoded by EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a key developmental gene. Changing ELF3 polyQ tract length affected complex ELF3-dependent phenotypes in a striking and nonlinear manner. Some natural ELF3 polyQ variants phenocopied elf3 loss-of-function mutants in a common reference background, although they are functional in their native genetic backgrounds. To test the existence of background-specific modifiers, we compared the phenotypic effects of ELF3 polyQ variants between two divergent backgrounds, Col and Ws, and found dramatic differences. In fact, the Col-ELF3 allele, encoding the shortest known ELF3 polyQ tract, was haploinsufficient in Ws × Col F(1) hybrids. Our data support a model in which variable polyQ tracts drive adaptation to internal genetic environments.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.