ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2013
A contemporary concept of the blood-aqueous barrier.
Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-assembled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-peptide hydrogel to effectively mitigate ocular inflammation.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Nanosuspension-based Ocular Therapeutics for Infection Control: Integrating Mucin Interactions and Tear Film Dynamics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Deep Proteomic Analysis With Machine Learning Identifies Aqueous Humor Biomarkers of ADAMTSL4-associated Congenital Ectopia Lentis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Aqueous Humor Total Protein Levels Predict 6-Year Graft Survival after Endothelial Keratoplasty in Surgically Treated Glaucoma Eyes.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Blood-Ocular Barrier Dysfunction in Uveitis: A Bidirectional Model Linking Pathogenesis, Clinical Monitoring, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cytomegalovirus-Specific T Cell Immunity and Clinical Associations in Patients With CMV Anterior Uveitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Chitosan-Coated Silver-Vancomycin Nanoparticles for Treatment of Bacterial Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Advances of Intraocular Fluid for the Application and Treatment of Uveitis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- From design to Deployment: The innovative role of nanomicelles in targeted ophthalmic therapeutics.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems for Rare Ocular Diseases: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Optical Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring Using Aqueous Humor: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Stage-dependent proteomic alterations in aqueous humor of diabetic retinopathy patients based on data-independent acquisition and parallel reaction monitoring.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Proteomics approach identifies aqueous humor biomarkers in retinal diseases.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- A Model of the Mechanisms Underpinning Unconventional Aqueous Humor Outflow.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Revealing age-related changes in the intraocular microenvironment and senescence modulators using aqueous humor proteomics and machine learning.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Hypoxia and growth factor profiling in high myopia: linking HIF-1α suppression and PDGF-BB activation to structural degeneration.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Relapse in ocular tuberculosis: relapse rate, risk factors and clinical management in a non-endemic country.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Advancements in Ocular Therapy: A Review of Emerging Drug Delivery Approaches and Pharmaceutical Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- FABP5 Is a Possible Factor for the Maintenance of Functions of Human Non-Pigmented Ciliary Epithelium Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The anterior chamber of the eye technology and its anatomical, optical, and immunological bases.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This review traces the evolution of the concept of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) during the past 20 years. The Classical model simply stipulated that the tight junctions of the iris vasculature and ciliary epithelium excluded plasma proteins from the aqueous humor (AH). It failed to reconcile the presence of AH protein levels equal to 1% of that found in plasma. Moreover, models of barrier kinetics assumed that the processes of AH secretion and plasma protein entry were directly linked. Thus, elevations of AH protein levels could only be explained by a pathological breakdown of the BAB. Over the last 20 years it has been shown that the plasma proteins in normal AH by-pass the posterior chamber entirely. Instead, these proteins diffuse from the capillaries of ciliary body stroma, into the iris stroma and then into the anterior chamber. This creates a reservoir of plasma-proteins in the iris stroma that is not derived from the iris vessels. This reservoir is prevented from diffusing posteriorly by tight junctions in the posterior iris epithelium. The one-way valve created by the pupil resting on the anterior lens capsule, combined with the continuous, forward flow of AH through the pupil, prevents protein reflux into the posterior chamber. Importantly, in the new paradigm, secretion of AH and the entry of plasma proteins into AH, are semi-independent events. This opens the possibility that AH protein levels could increase in the absence of breakdown of the BAB. Clinical consequences of this new paradigm of the BAB are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.