Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23122325›Full record

ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2013

Adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine: variation of emulsion components affects stability, antigen structure, and vaccine efficacy.

Christopher B Fox, Lucien Barnes V, Tara Evers, James D Chesko, Thomas S Vedvick, Rhea N Coler, Steven G Reed, Susan L Baldwin

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Optimizing a Multi-Component IntranasalFrontiers in immunology · 2021
    Article
  6. Vaccine adjuvant activity of emulsified oils from species of the Pinaceae family.Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2019
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Adjuvant formulation structure and composition are critical for the development of an effective vaccine against tuberculosis.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2013
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christopher B FoxInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Lucien Barnes V
Tara Evers
James D Chesko
Thomas S Vedvick
Rhea N Coler
Steven G Reed
Susan L Baldwin
Infectious Disease Research Institute · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdjuvant formulations are critical components of modern vaccines based on recombinant proteins, which are often poorly immunogenic without additional immune stimulants. Oil-in-water emulsions comprise an advanced class of vaccine adjuvants that are components of approved seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines. However, few reports have been published that systematically evaluate the in vitro stability and in vivo adjuvant effects of different emulsion components.

objectivesTo evaluate distinct classes of surfactants, oils, and excipients, for their effects on emulsion particle size stability, antigen structural interactions, and in vivo activity when formulated with a recombinant H5N1 antigen.

methodsEmulsions were manufactured by high pressure homogenization and characterized alone or in the presence of vaccine antigen by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, viscosity, pH, hemolytic activity, electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and SDS-PAGE. In vivo vaccine activity in the murine model was characterized by measuring antibody titers, antibody-secreting plasma cells, hemagglutination inhibition titers, and cytokine production.

resultsWe demonstrate that surfactant class and presence of additional excipients are not critical for biological activity, whereas oil structure is crucial. Moreover, we report that simplified two-component emulsions appear more stable by particle size than more complex formulations.Finally, differences in antigen structural interactions with the various emulsions do not appear to correlate with in vivo activity.

conclusionsOil-in-water emulsions can significantly enhance antibody and cellular immune responses to a pandemic influenza antigen. The dramatic differences in adjuvant activity between squalene-based emulsion and medium chain triglyceride-based emulsion are due principally to the biological activity of the oil composition rather than physical interactions of the antigen with the emulsion.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntibodies, ViralAntigens, ViralChemistry, PharmaceuticalCytokinesEmulsionsFemaleHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPandemicsAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, ViralAntigens, ViralCytokinesEmulsionsInfluenza VaccinesOil-in-water emulsionpandemic influenzavaccine adjuvant

Identifiers

PMID23122325
PMCPMC5781216
OpenAlexW1584388723

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.