ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2013
Antibody responses to vaccination among South African HIV-exposed and unexposed uninfected infants during the first 2 years of life.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single and two-dose typhoid conjugate vaccine safety and immunogenicity in HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected Malawian children.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Immunologic and Virologic Factors Associated With Hospitalization in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Measles Immunity at 4.5 Years of Age Following Vaccination at 9 and 15-18 Months of Age Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected, HIV-exposed-uninfected, and HIV-unexposed Children.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Effect of HIV exposure and timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation on immune memory responses to diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis and hepatitis B vaccines.Expert review of vaccines · 2019Trial
- Immune responses to oral poliovirus vaccine in HIV-exposed uninfected Zimbabwean infants.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Trial
- Integration of Preclinical and Clinical Vaccine Safety and Immunogenicity Testing for Development of a Pediatric HIV Vaccine to Achieve Protective HIV Immunity Prior to Adolescence.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- The Effects of In Utero HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Exposure on Infant T-Cell and Monocyte Activation, Function, and Regulation of Immune-Modulatory Pathways.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- High HBV Seroprotection Rates in Infants Born to People with HIV and HBV Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa.Vaccine: X · 2025Article
- Infectivity and Immunogenicity of Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected Children.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Reduced anti-viral IgG repertoire in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants compared to HIV-unexposed infants.iScience · 2024Article
- Clinical and immunological outcomes of HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected children in the first 24 months of life in Western Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Reduced B cell frequencies in cord blood of HIV-exposed uninfected infants: an immunological and transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Maternal immunity shapes biomarkers of germinal center development in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Rates of Seroprotection against Vaccine-Preventable Infectious Diseases in HIV-Exposed and -Unexposed Malawian Infants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Kinetics of pneumococcal antibodies among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants in Botswana.Vaccine · 2022Article
- Impaired functionality of antigen presenting cells in HIV- exposed uninfected infants in the first six months of life.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Nano-based approaches in the development of antiviral agents and vaccines.Life sciences · 2021Review
- Dynamics of immunoglobulin G subclasses during the first two years of life in Malawian infants born to HIV-positive mothers.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure but Not Early Cytomegalovirus Infection Is Associated With Increased Hospitalization and Decreased Memory T-Cell Responses to Tetanus Vaccine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants born to HIV-infected mothers from areas in the world with a high burden of infectious disease suffer higher infectious morbidity and mortality than their HIV unexposed uninfected (HUU) peers. Vaccination provides protection from infection. The possibility exists that altered response to vaccination contributes to the higher rate of infection in HEU than in HUU infants. While short-term, cross-sectional studies support this notion, it is unclear whether or not HEU infants develop long-term protective immune responses following the WHO extended program on immunization (EPI). Vaccine-specific antibody responses were compared between HEU and HUU infants from 2 weeks until 2 years of age in a longitudinal South African cohort. Total IgG and antibodies specific for Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), tetanus toxoid, hepatitis B virus (HepB), and measles virus were measured at multiple time points throughout the first 2 years of life. Prevaccine antibodies (maternal antibodies passively acquired) specific for tetanus were lower in HEU than in HUU infants, while prevaccine antibodies to HepB were higher in HEU than in HUU infants. Both groups responded similarly to tetanus, Hib, and HepB vaccination. HEU demonstrated stronger pertussis vaccine responses, developing protective titers 1 year earlier than HUU patients, and maintained higher anti-tetanus titers at 24 months of age. Vaccine-induced antibodies to measles virus were similar in both groups at all time points. Our results suggest that the current EPI vaccination program as practiced in South Africa leads to the development of vaccine-specific antibody responses that are equivalent in HEU and HUU infants. However, our data also suggest that a large fraction of both HEU and HUU South African infants have antibody titers for several infectious threats that remain below the level of protection for much of their first 2 years of life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.