ArticleBMC microbiology2012
Analysis of a unique Clostridium botulinum strain from the Southern hemisphere producing a novel type E botulinum neurotoxin subtype.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Genomic characterisation and traceability analysis of a Clostridium botulinum strain involved in a food poisoning incident.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Validation of a clinical assay for botulinum neurotoxins through mass spectrometric detection.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Tracing Foodborne Botulism Events Caused by Clostridium botulinum in Xinjiang Province, China, Using a Core Genome Sequence Typing Scheme.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Pan-Genomic Analysis ofToxins · 2020Article
- Genomic Characterization of Newly Completed Genomes of Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Species from Argentina, Australia, and Africa.Genome biology and evolution · 2020Article
- ClosingFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Review
- Variations in the Botulinum Neurotoxin Binding Domain and the Potential for Novel Therapeutics.Toxins · 2018Review
- The orphan germinant receptor protein GerXAO (but not GerX3b) is essential for L-alanine induced germination in Clostridium botulinum Group II.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- A Three Monoclonal Antibody Combination Potently Neutralizes Multiple Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype E Subtypes.Toxins · 2018Article
- Differentiating Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia with a Simple, Multiplex PCR Assay.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Impact ofCurrent opinion in food science · 2016Review
- Comparative genomic analyses reveal broad diversity in botulinum-toxin-producing Clostridia.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Article
- Clostridium botulinum Group II Isolate Phylogenomic Profiling Using Whole-Genome Sequence Data.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Review
- Genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Group II.Research in microbiology · 2015Review
- Historical and current perspectives on Clostridium botulinum diversity.Research in microbiology · 2015Review
- An atypical outbreak of food-borne botulism due to Clostridium botulinum types B and E from ham.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClostridium botulinum strains that produce botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E) are most commonly isolated from botulism cases, marine environments, and animals in regions of high latitude in the Northern hemisphere. A strain of C. botulinum type E (CDC66177) was isolated from soil in Chubut, Argentina. Previous studies showed that the amino acid sequences of BoNT/E produced by various strains differ by < 6% and that the type E neurotoxin gene cluster inserts into the rarA operon.
resultsGenetic and mass spectral analysis demonstrated that the BoNT/E produced by CDC66177 is a novel toxin subtype (E9). Toxin gene sequencing indicated that BoNT/E9 differed by nearly 11% at the amino acid level compared to BoNT/E1. Mass spectrometric analysis of BoNT/E9 revealed that its endopeptidase substrate cleavage site was identical to other BoNT/E subtypes. Further analysis of this strain demonstrated that its 16S rRNA sequence clustered with other Group II C. botulinum (producing BoNT types B, E, and F) strains. Genomic DNA isolated from strain CDC66177 hybridized with fewer probes using a Group II C. botulinum subtyping microarray compared to other type E strains examined. Whole genome shotgun sequencing of strain CDC66177 revealed that while the toxin gene cluster inserted into the rarA operon similar to other type E strains, its overall genome content shared greater similarity with a Group II C. botulinum type B strain (17B).
conclusionsThese results expand our understanding of the global distribution of C. botulinum type E strains and suggest that the type E toxin gene cluster may be able to insert into C. botulinum strains with a more diverse genetic background than previously recognized.
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Registered trials
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