ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2012
On the existence and function of galanin receptor heteromers in the central nervous system.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal Galanin(1-15) influences depression- and anxiety-related behaviors through sex-dependent mechanisms in rats.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Galanin Receptors: G Protein-Dependent Signaling and Beyond.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Neuroendocrine Regulation and Neural Circuitry of Parenthood: Integrating Neuropeptides, Brain Receptors, and Maternal Behavior.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A New Augmentation Strategy against Depression Combining SSRIs and the N-terminal Fragment of Galanin (1-15).Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- GALR2 and Y1R agonists intranasal infusion enhanced adult ventral hippocampal neurogenesis and antidepressant-like effects involving BDNF actions.Journal of cellular physiology · 2023Article
- Preferential Gs protein coupling of the galanin GalPharmacological research · 2022Article
- The Galaninergic System: A Target for Cancer Treatment.Cancers · 2022Review
- Review
- Galanin (1-15) Enhances the Behavioral Effects of Fluoxetine in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Rat, Suggesting a New Augmentation Strategy in Depression.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Lateral hypothalamic galanin neurons are activated by stress and blunt anxiety-like behavior in mice.Behavioural brain research · 2022Article
- The Combination of Galanin (1-15) and Escitalopram in Rats Suggests a New Strategy for Alcohol Use Disorder Comorbidity with Depression.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Update on GPCR-based targets for the development of novel antidepressants.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Class A and C GPCR Dimers in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Galanin(1-15) Potentiates the Antidepressant-like Effects Induced by Escitalopram in a Rat Model of Depression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- An assembly of galanin-galanin receptor signaling network.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2021Article
- Neuropeptidergic Control of Feeding: Focus on the Galanin Family of Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CX. Classification of Receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine; Pharmacology and Function.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Review
- (Neuro) Peptides, Physical Activity, and Cognition.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Receptor⁻Receptor Interactions in Multiple 5-HT1A Heteroreceptor Complexes in Raphe-Hippocampal 5-HT Transmission and Their Relevance for Depression and Its Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Galanin receptor (GalR) subtypes 1-3 linked to central galanin neurons may form heteromers with each other and other types of G protein-coupled receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). These heteromers may be one molecular mechanism for galanin peptides and their N-terminal fragments (gal 1-15) to modulate the function of different types of glia-neuronal networks in the CNS, especially the emotional and the cardiovascular networks. GalR-5-HT1A heteromers likely exist with antagonistic GalR-5-HT1A receptor-receptor interactions in the ascending midbrain raphe 5-HT neuron systems and their target regions. They represent a novel target for antidepressant drugs. Evidence is given for the existence of GalR1-5-HT1A heteromers in cellular models with trans-inhibition of the protomer signaling. A GalR1-GalR2 heteromer is proposed to be a galanin N-terminal fragment preferring receptor (1-15) in the CNS. Furthermore, a GalR1-GalR2-5-HT1A heterotrimer is postulated to explain why only galanin (1-15) but not galanin (1-29) can antagonistically modulate the 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal hippocampus rich in gal fragment binding sites. The results underline a putative role of different types of GalR-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in depression. GalR antagonists may also have therapeutic actions in depression by blocking the antagonistic GalR-NPYY1 receptor interactions in putative GalR-NPYY1 receptor heteromers in the CNS resulting in increases in NPYY1 transmission and antidepressant effects. In contrast the galanin fragment receptor (a postulated GalR1-GalR2 heteromer) appears to be linked to the NPYY2 receptor enhancing the affinity of the NPYY2 binding sites in a putative GalR1-GalR2-NPYY2 heterotrimer. Finally, putative GalR-α2-adrenoreceptor heteromers with antagonistic receptor-receptor interactions may be a widespread mechanism in the CNS for integration of galanin and noradrenaline signals also of likely relevance for depression.
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