Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23112163›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012

Pharyngeal mesoderm regulatory network controls cardiac and head muscle morphogenesis.

Itamar Harel, Yoshiro Maezawa, Roi Avraham, Ariel Rinon, Hsiao-Yen Ma, Joe W Cross, Noam Leviatan, Julius Hegesh, Achira Roy, Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch and 6 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Genetic architecture of craniofacial morphogenesis: roles ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  12. Genomic analysis of 11,555 probands identifies 60 dominant congenital heart disease genes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Itamar HarelDepartment of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Yoshiro Maezawa
Roi Avraham
Ariel Rinon
Hsiao-Yen Ma
Joe W Cross
Noam Leviatan
Julius Hegesh
Achira Roy
Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch
Gideon Rechavi
Jaime Carvajal
Shubha Tole
Chrissa Kioussi
Susan Quaggin
Eldad Tzahor
Weizmann Institute of Science · ILTata Institute of Fundamental Research · INLunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute · CAOregon State University · USSheba Medical Center · ILInstitute of Cancer Research · GBUniversidad Pablo de Olavide · ES

Funding

Role of Pitx2 in Muscle Development and RegenerationR01AR054406 · NIAMS · OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KIOUSSI, CHRISSA · 2007 to 2011
$1.4M
NIAMS NIH HHS AR054406NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR054406
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The search for developmental mechanisms driving vertebrate organogenesis has paved the way toward a deeper understanding of birth defects. During embryogenesis, parts of the heart and craniofacial muscles arise from pharyngeal mesoderm (PM) progenitors. Here, we reveal a hierarchical regulatory network of a set of transcription factors expressed in the PM that initiates heart and craniofacial organogenesis. Genetic perturbation of this network in mice resulted in heart and craniofacial muscle defects, revealing robust cross-regulation between its members. We identified Lhx2 as a previously undescribed player during cardiac and pharyngeal muscle development. Lhx2 and Tcf21 genetically interact with Tbx1, the major determinant in the etiology of DiGeorge/velo-cardio-facial/22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Furthermore, knockout of these genes in the mouse recapitulates specific cardiac features of this syndrome. We suggest that PM-derived cardiogenesis and myogenesis are network properties rather than properties specific to individual PM members. These findings shed new light on the developmental underpinnings of congenital defects.

Indexed as

MyocardiumAnimalsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsBody PatterningCarrier ProteinsEmbryo, MammalianHeadHeartIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMesodermMiceMice, KnockoutMuscle, SkeletalBasic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsCarrier ProteinsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsLnx2 protein, mouseTcf21 protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID23112163
PMCPMC3503185
OpenAlexW2094748739

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.