ArticleJournal of neurosurgery2013
Exogenous hormone use, reproductive factors, and risk of intracranial meningioma in females.
Article in Journal of neurosurgery, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormone therapy and the risk of central nervous system tumors in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of oral contraceptives and risk of endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- Association between anthropometric factors and meningioma risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between cyproterone acetate and intracranial meningiomas.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Body mass index and risk of brain tumors: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Reproductive factors in relation to risk of brain tumors in women: an updated meta-analysis of 27 independent studies.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Alcohol consumption and risk of glioma: a meta-analysis of 19 observational studies.Nutrients · 2014Pooled it
- Overweight, obesity and meningioma risk: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Reproductive and exogenous hormone factors in relation to risk of meningioma in women: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Exogenous Hormones and Their Clinical Implications for the Development and Growth of Meningioma Tumours.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Contraceptive Progestogens and Incident Meningioma.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Associations of surgical menopause and hormone replacement therapy with meningioma development.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Hormonal contraceptives and the risk of meningioma: A Swedish register-based case-control study.Neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Risk of Meningioma in the US.JAMA neurology · 2025Article
- Meningiomas in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: A case report and comprehensive review.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2025Review
- Petroclival meningioma regression after combined oestrogen and nomegestrol acetate interruption.BMJ case reports · 2025Article
- Pre- and Post-operative Parameters among Patients Undergoing Pre-operative Embolization of Meningioma: a Tertiary Referral Center Experience.Acta medica Philippina · 2025Article
- Malignant Transformation of Meningiomas.Journal of Cancer · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectThe 2-fold higher incidence of meningioma in women compared with men has long suggested a role for hormonally mediated risk factors, but specific mechanisms remain elusive.
methodsThe study included data obtained in 1127 women 29-79 years of age with intracranial meningioma diagnosed among residents of Connecticut, Massachusetts, North Carolina, the San Francisco Bay Area, and 8 Texas counties between May 1, 2006, and October 6, 2011, and data obtained in 1092 control individuals who were frequency matched for age group and geography with meningioma patients.
resultsNo association was observed for age at menarche, age at menopause, or parity and meningioma risk. Women who reported breastfeeding for at least 6 months were at reduced risk of meningioma (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.96). A significant positive association existed between meningioma risk and increased body mass index (p < 0.01) while a significant negative association existed between meningioma risk and current smoking (p < 0.01). Among premenopausal women, current use of oral contraceptives was associated with an increased risk of meningiomas (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9), while current use of hormone replacement therapy among postmenopausal women was not associated with a significant elevation in risk (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.74-1.67). There was no association between use of fertility medications and meningioma risk.
conclusionsThe authors' study confirms associations for body mass index, breastfeeding, and cigarette smoking but provides little evidence for associations of reproductive and menstrual factors with meningioma risk. The relationship between current use of exogenous hormones and meningioma remains unclear, limited by the small numbers of patients currently on oral hormone medications and a lack of hormone receptor data for meningioma tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.