ArticleEuropean heart journal2014
The adult heart responds to increased workload with physiologic hypertrophy, cardiac stem cell activation, and new myocyte formation.
Article in European heart journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Exercise, cancer, and the cardiovascular system: clinical effects and mechanistic insights.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Review
- An overview of the multi-dimensional mechanisms of exercise-regulated hormones and growth factors in cardiac physiological adaptation.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Relevance of Cardiovascular Exercise in Cancer and Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Juvenile physical activity protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac dysfunction later in life.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Comparisons of pleiotropic effects of SGLT2 inhibition and GLP-1 agonism on cardiac glucose intolerance in heart dysfunction.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2022Review
- The Metabolic Pathway of Cardiac Troponins Release: Mechanisms and Diagnostic Role.Cardiology research · 2022Review
- Atypically Shaped Cardiomyocytes (ACMs): The Identification, Characterization and New Insights into a Subpopulation of Cardiomyocytes.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors negatively impact on pro-reparative characteristics of human cardiac progenitor cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Athletes' Mesenchymal Stem Cells Could Be the Best Choice for Cell Therapy in Omicron-Infected Patients.Cells · 2022Article
- Animal Models of Exercise From Rodents to Pythons.Circulation research · 2022Review
- Features of the Metabolisms of Cardiac Troponin Molecules-Part 1: The Main Stages of Metabolism, Release Stage.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Biology of Cardiac Troponins: Emphasis on Metabolism.Biology · 2022Review
- State of Knowledge on Molecular Adaptations to Exercise in Humans: Historical Perspectives and Future Directions.Comprehensive Physiology · 2022Article
- Novel prevention insights into depletion of oxidative stress status through regular exercise and grape seed effective substance in heart ischemia rat model.Food science & nutrition · 2022Article
- The Importance of Cardiac Troponin Metabolism in the Laboratory Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Comprehensive Review).BioMed research international · 2022Review
- Metabolic Pathway of Cardiospecific Troponins: From Fundamental Aspects to Diagnostic Role (Comprehensive Review).Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Regulation of collagen deposition in the trout heart during thermal acclimation.Current research in physiology · 2022Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsIt is a dogma of cardiovascular pathophysiology that the increased cardiac mass in response to increased workload is produced by the hypertrophy of the pre-existing myocytes. The role, if any, of adult-resident endogenous cardiac stem/progenitor cells (eCSCs) and new cardiomyocyte formation in physiological cardiac remodelling remains unexplored. METHODS AND
resultsIn response to regular, intensity-controlled exercise training, adult rats respond with hypertrophy of the pre-existing myocytes. In addition, a significant number (∼7%) of smaller newly formed BrdU-positive cardiomyocytes are produced by the exercised animals. Capillary density significantly increased in exercised animals, balancing cardiomyogenesis with neo-angiogenesis. c-kit(pos) eCSCs increased their number and activated state in exercising vs. sedentary animals. c-kit(pos) eCSCs in exercised hearts showed an increased expression of transcription factors, indicative of their commitment to either the cardiomyocyte (Nkx2.5(pos)) or capillary (Ets-1(pos)) lineages. These adaptations were dependent on exercise duration and intensity. Insulin-like growth factor-1, transforming growth factor-β1, neuregulin-1, bone morphogenetic protein-10, and periostin were significantly up-regulated in cardiomyocytes of exercised vs. sedentary animals. These factors differentially stimulated c-kit(pos) eCSC proliferation and commitment in vitro, pointing to a similar role in vivo.
conclusionIntensity-controlled exercise training initiates myocardial remodelling through increased cardiomyocyte growth factor expression leading to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and to activation and ensuing differentiation of c-kit(pos) eCSCs. This leads to the generation of new myocardial cells. These findings highlight the endogenous regenerative capacity of the adult heart, represented by the eCSCs, and the fact that the physiological cardiac adaptation to exercise stress is a combination of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia (cardiomyocytes and capillaries).
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