SynthesisNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2013
Systematic review: pharmacological treatment of tic disorders--efficacy of antipsychotic and alpha-2 adrenergic agonist agents.
Synthesis in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04794413 (An Open Label, Proof-of-Principle, Pilot Study to Evaluate Pimavanserin for the Treatment of Motor and Behavioral Symptoms of Tourette Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 55 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open Label, Proof-of-Principle, Pilot Study to Evaluate Pimavanserin for the Treatment of Motor and Behavioral Symptoms of Tourette Syndrome
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 232 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review-understanding the barriers and facilitators experienced by healthcare professionals in providing care for tics: a mixed methods systematic review of clinical knowledge, attitudes, and practices.BMC medical education · 2024Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Tourette syndrome.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Pooled it
- Acupuncture and other traditional Chinese medicine therapies in the treatment of children's tic syndrome: A network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tic Disorder: A Meta-Analysis and a Literature Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of Online Intervention for ADHD: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Assessment and management of treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder in children.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2015Pooled it
- Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurofeedback for Tics in Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome.Biological psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Neurocognitive correlates of treatment response in children with Tourette's Disorder.Psychiatry research · 2018Trial
- N-Acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Pediatric Tourette Syndrome: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Add-On Trial.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Bothersome tics in patients with chronic tic disorders: Characteristics and individualized treatment response to behavior therapy.Behaviour research and therapy · 2015Trial
- Living with tics: reduced impairment and improved quality of life for youth with chronic tic disorders.Psychiatry research · 2015Trial
- Aripiprazole versus risperidone for treating children and adolescents with tic disorder: a randomized double blind clinical trial.Child psychiatry and human development · 2014Trial
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Medication use and treatment patterns in children and adolescents with chronic tic disorders: an EMTICS study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of ecopipam for Tourette syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Activation of MBritish journal of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Clonidine Patch for Tourette Syndrome With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Exposure and response prevention versus risperidone for the treatment of tic disorders: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Protocol description for a randomized controlled trial of fMRI neurofeedback for tics in adolescents with Tourette Syndrome.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials to determine the efficacy of antipsychotic and alpha-2 agonists in the treatment of chronic tic disorders and examine moderators of treatment effect. Meta-analysis demonstrated a significant benefit of antipsychotics compared to placebo (standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36-0.80). Stratified subgroup analysis found no significant difference in the efficacy of the 4 antipsychotic agents tested (risperidone, pimozide, haloperidol and ziprasidone). Meta-analysis also demonstrated a benefit of alpha-2 agonists compared to placebo (SMD=0.31 (95% confidence interval CI: 0.15-0.48). Stratified subgroup analysis and meta-regression demonstrated a significant moderating effect of co-occurring ADHD. Trials which enrolled subjects with tics and ADHD demonstrated a medium-to-large effect (SMD=0.68 (95%CI: 0.36-1.01) whereas trials that excluded subjects with ADHD demonstrated a small, non-significant benefit (SMD=0.15 (95%CI: -0.06 to 0.36). Our findings demonstrated significant benefit of both antipsychotics and alpha-2 agonists in treating tics but suggest alpha-2 agonists may have minimal benefit in tic patients without ADHD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.